primers that are sufficient for distinguishing a cultivar, the number of individuals who need to be examined to estimate the purity percentage for a seed sample, and the number of SSR loci used to assess the purity of one hybrid sample in practical testing
performed with subsequent F-tests for the main effect of formulation, the main effect of the concentration, and their interaction. When this approach is used, least square means cannot be estimated properly. Third, a pseudo one-way model comprising all seven
, nonparametric methods can be used ( Hollander and Wolfe, 1999 ). A wide variety of goodness-of-fit tests are available to assess the normality of sample data from a single population or, in the cases of linear regression analysis and analysis of variance, from
), although further investigations should be performed to identify the genetic variability associated with this trait. Until now, di-nucleotide SSR markers have been the only tool successfully used in paternity testing in controlled olive breeding crosses ( De
Abstract
Plants of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. grown on a constant fertilization program were analyzed for elemental content, and the growing mix was analyzed by 3 different soil test methods. Optimum values for the nutrients reported by each of the soil tests were determined by using plant uptake data.
Progeny testing, both formal and informal, has been a component of the University of Florida strawberry breeding program. Informally, the potential of numerous parental combinations has been assessed by growing small populations of each combination, and then ranking these populations according to visual impression. Formal progeny testing, where variables are measured on seedlings in a replicated measurement block, was used during the 1987-88 season. Several families were identified as promising, based on an analysis of yield, fruit size, firmness, and appearance data.
Standardized seed vigor tests must be developed for greenhouse-grown flower species. Current vigor tests used to evaluate large-seeded agronomic crops are generally not useful for evaluating smaller-seeded flower species. One alternative is to use radicle length in seedlings grown under controlled environments as an indicator of seed vigor. For that purpose, a seed vigor test was developed that uses digital images taken using a flat bed scanner to measure radicle length in small-seeded flower species. A novel, cellulose substrate was used for germinating seeds. It provided similar moisture-holding properties to standard germination blotters used by commercial seed analysts, but is clear. This has allowed for quick image acquisition without removing seedlings from the petri dish. Correlations were made between seedling growth (radicle length, total seedling length, and total seedling area) with other vigor tests (saturated salts accelerated aging) and greenhouse plug flat emergence. For several seed lots of impatiens that varied in initial seed quality, radicle length after 4 days showed good correlations (>R 2 = 0.79) with other measures of seed vigor for describing seed quality. This system is an improvement over other attempts to use computer-aided assessment of digital images because it provides digital images that do not vary due to external lighting; it uses software that can evaluate radicle length in a petri dish assay that does not require a slant-board for straight radicle growth; it relies on standard germination technics used by every seed lab; it uses a clear substrate to replace the opaque blotter to allow digital images to be taken within the petri dish; and accurate measurements of seedling parts is performed in under 2 min per petri dish.
During the past 2 decades, automated plug production in the flower seed industry has created important requirements by growers for high-quality flower seeds. Using computerized imaging technology, a new seed vigor testing system, Seed Vigor Imaging System (SVIS), was developed at The Ohio State University. By analyzing the digital images of seedlings, it can detect and measure the length of hypocotyls and radicles separately, and then generate a value for the growth and uniformity each. This system provides a fast, labor-saving and objective approach to measuring seed quality. In this study, its capacity and correlation with field performance was studied and compared with other traditional tests, i.e. standard germination test, germinate rate, and accelerated aging test. Five species (dianthus, cleome, rudbeckia, salvia, and lettuce) were selected and their quality was tracked continuously by SVIS and other mentioned tests. It was found that stressed test (ageing test) was able to detect the quality deterioration earlier than others under ideal conditions, but SVIS could generate much more information, such as the growth, uniformity, and vigor level of the seed lot. Therefore, SVIS following 3-day ageing was developed and shown to be the most sensitive and comprehensive vigor test for those ornamental species mentioned above. Being fast and objective, this system will also benefit the global seed trade by providing a unique quality standard. In addition, it can also be of great usage to seed companies and germplasm centers worldwide for the routine quality track during shipment/storage and inventory management.
Abstract
A method was developed to evaluate tomato plants by means of excised leaves for reaction to Cornynespora cassiicola (Berk. & Curt) Wei using the toxin in the cell-free filtrate of virulent isolates. This test should be useful for identifying resistant families and segregates.
There are many methods to test the efficiency of antimicrobial compounds. Our goals were to perform screens of several natural, experimental compounds and evaluate their effects on postharvest pathogenic fungi isolated from fruit. This screen was the first test in series that would allow us to see if these experimental compounds had potential use as components in a coating or as a preharvest treatment to help insure postharvest fruit quality. The disc assay method was chosen as a preliminary method for our screen as most of our compounds are water soluble and this method is straightforward, efficient and easy to interpret. This poster describes the testing of natural compounds against problematic postharvest fungi using the disc assay as a screening method. The results of various compounds are shown via the formation of a prominent zone of inhibition. Comparisons are also shown of non-responsive compounds to Penicillium digitatum and Geotrichum citri-aurantii. The clarity of using this method for step-wise dilutions of the anti-fungal compounds is shown.