et al., 2005b ; Parsons, 2000 ). Horticultural crops, especially cut flowers, are ideal for use with saline or wastewater reuse irrigation because they are not used for consumption and they are high-value crops. In 1998, 431 operations in the United
Salinity stress is considered one of the most important abiotic factors that limits the productivity of crop plants ( Flowers and Yeo, 1995 ), and the estimated global cost due to salinity is more than $12 billion annually ( Qadir et al., 2008
cultivars exhibited considerable differences in salt tolerance ( Niu and Cabrera, 2010 ; Niu et al., 2011 ). More studies are essential to evaluate plant responses to salinity and to identify salt-tolerant plants for landscapes that are irrigated with
( Duncan and Carrow, 2000 ) along with an intensive, private-sector marketing campaign (Environmental Turf, 2006 ; Zinn, 2004a , 2004b ). ‘SeaDwarf’ seashore paspalum is advertised to be tolerant to levels of salinity of up to 34.4 dS·m −1 or higher
production. The water source can be impaired by high dissolved salt concentration, which may cause serious problems mainly when saline water irrigation is necessary ( Silva et al., 2009 ). Tomato can be classified as a moderate salt-sensitive crop, possessing
continuously increasing shortage of tap water, mainly in semiarid areas, the irrigation of most new olive plantations is based on available low-quality sources of water all of which are characterized by a relatively high salinity ( Wiesman et al., 2004 ). The
the irrigation water such as salinity accumulate in the potting medium resulting in elevated EC ( Argo and Biernbaum, 1996 ; van Iersel, 2000 ), a phenomenon that is similar to salt crusting observed in arid regions. The accumulation of salts can be a
., 1990 ; Long, 1991 ; Reddy and Hodges, 2000 ; Reilly et al., 2003 ). Salinity is one of the most important environmental factors limiting the crop production of marginal agricultural soils in many parts of the world ( Bernstein, 1975 ). This abiotic
Soil salinity is a common problem in arid and semiarid environments, with elevated levels of salts naturally occurring in the root zone or accumulating from external sources, such as irrigation water, fertilizers, manures, or composts ( Bugbee
In the coming decades, non-conventional water sources (e.g., marginal quality waters, saline-sodic drainage waters, wastewaters) will become an important component of agricultural water supplies as a result of global increasing water demand, the