; Taylor et al., 2005 ). A rain garden (also known as a bioretention cell) is a planted depression in the landscape that traps stormwater runoff so microbial activity, filtration/adsorption, and plant uptake can remove pollutants ( Davis et al., 2009
runoff can be improved and the quantity greatly reduced by using a rain garden. A rain garden is a shallow depression in the landscape, typically planted with herbaceous perennials, shrubs, or small trees, that collects stormwater from impervious surfaces
-gal barrel; planter beds, vegetable or flower gardens, and potted plants can easily be irrigated with the water from a rain barrel ( Watson, 2010 ). Water is either pumped or allowed to flow by gravity to a nearby garden or landscaped area (P. Gibson
in three major regions of Brazil: Mata Atlantica (Atlantic forest), Pantanal (wetland), and Amazon (rain forest). Students also visited gardens throughout Brazil to compare and contrast garden styles and to learn firsthand how natural areas inspire
design; water resource protection, rain gardens, and rainwater harvesting; pest and disease management of trees and shrubs; planting and plant care; wildlife management; cultural practices for program synthesis; and business management and customer
Abstract
The plant amelioration process is a slow one, and frequently the release of cultivars from a breeding program represents a compromise. The introduction of ‘Cardinal’ geranium (Pelargonium × hortorum Bailey) represented a definite advance in floriferousness and night heat tolerance, but the plant was overly vigorous, awkward in plant habit and slow to flower. ‘Toreador’ corrected some of the faults of ‘Cardinal’ including increased tolerance to injury caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. (1). However, the plant tends to grow too tall and is susceptible to damage by rain and wind. The new cultivar ‘Hawkeye’ retains the desirable garden traits of ‘Toreador’ while further refining the growth habit and increasing flowering potential.
Eleven rose cultivars were field planted and evaluated weekly for disease, defoliation, and overall vigor in order to compare natural resistance to blackspot (Diplocarpon rosae). Alternative treatments were also compared for efficacy in low-maintenance disease control. Treatments included a bimonthly application of chlorothalonil, a bimonthly application of a horticultural oil, an application of chlorothalonil based on rain events, and a no-treatment control. Cultivars showed significant differences in disease severity, defoliation, and overall performance, with old garden rose varieties showing more natural disease resistance than modern susceptible varieties included in the study. Chlorothalonil applied on a 14-day spray schedule did provide a significant decrease in blackspot disease severity when compared to other treatments. A significant incidence of secondary disease including Cercospora rosicola and Botrytis cinerea occurred on old garden rose varieties. No treatment differences were found for these diseases. `Belinda's Dream', `The Fairy', and `Red Mediland' ranked highest in overall performance throughout the season.
amount of recharge, aquifers become deficient ( Seo et al., 2008 ). Rain gardens are a homeowner stormwater management practice that can improve groundwater recharge while providing an aesthetically pleasing addition to the landscape. Non-point source
Commercial nurseries utilize large amounts of water and nutrients during the production cycle of container-grown plants. Excess water contaminated with N and P can impact the quality of surface water and groundwater. Earlier work by the authors found that constructed wetlands are highly efficient for removing N at water temperatures above 15 °C. However, PO4 removal was highly variable with uptake coinciding with periods of active plant growth and net export occurring during all other periods. Ornamental plants that remediate nutrients, especially phosphorus, would be very useful in designing constructed wetlands for commercial nurseries and greenhouses, rain gardens, and homeowner buffer strips. A greenhouse study was initiated in 2003 at Clemson Univ.'s Biosystems Research Complex to screen commercially available ornamental plants for their phytoremediation potential. Among others, these included the woody ornamental plants Cornus amomum, Myrica cerifera `Emperor', and Salix integra `Hakura Nishiki' and the semiaquatic herbaceous ornamental plants Canna `Bengal Tiger' and `King Humbert', Colocasia esculenta `Illustris', Rhynchospora colorata, Iris virginica `Full Eclipse, Pontederia cordata `Singapore Pink', and Thalia geniculata `Red Stem'. Plants were grown in pea gravel media kept saturated with one of five concentrations of Hoagland's Solution. Herbaceous and woody ornamental plants were harvested after 8 and 13 weeks, respectively. Water usage and biomass production were measured and nitrogen and phosphorus uptake was assessed. Experiments were replicated twice for each cultivar. Results indicate several species have the potential to be used in phytoremediation systems.
the South Khorasan Province, a city known for its plentiful sunshine. There are few clouds in this area, so the shortage of rain and rapid evaporation of water creates some challenges for a garden. The water, however, is supplied by the eponymous SIS