). Horticultural educators, such as extension professionals, focus on decreasing the impact of landscape management practices on water resources ( Bradley et al., 2016 ). Researchers have recommended landscape educational programs target people with irrigation
Municipal tap water, potable and often of the highest quality for direct human consumption and uses (cooking, bathing, etc.), has been the traditional source for urban landscape irrigation. In some regions, such as Texas, as much as one-half of the
It is estimated that as much as 3.5 billion gallons (13.25 million cubic meters) of landscape irrigation water is lost or wasted due to evaporation, wind, or improper irrigation system design, installation, and maintenance in the United States each
objective of landscape maintenance, not maximum growth. Sachs et al. (1975) found that growth was closely correlated to irrigation frequency, but aesthetically, established landscape shrubs and groundcovers could be maintained at reduced irrigation levels
30 to 60 d of daily irrigation for landscape establishment and weekly to biweekly applications for the postestablishment phase ( Bodle, 2001 ; Florida Department of State, 2007 ). Established landscapes can be maintained with minimal supplemental
the use of reclaimed water for landscape irrigation, because municipal water consumption increases two- to twofold in summer months compared with the winter season ( Kjelgren et al., 2000 ). The increased water use is largely for landscape irrigation
Landscape irrigation accounts for 70% of residential water use per capita in the western United States ( Hayden et al. 2015 ). However, as extreme weather events challenge water supplies, water demands in the urban and suburban sectors have
percolation of rainfall, urban heat dissipation, and reduced fire hazard to structures ( Beard and Green, 1994 ). Irrigation water needed in landscapes to supplement non-sufficient precipitation during the growing season is a well-documented and a substantial
, for tolerance of greywater salinity could increase plant selection options for a greywater-irrigated landscape. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the tolerance of three landscape plant species, native to the southeastern United
). Irrigation practices that purposefully result in plant water stress can enhance nursery crop quality by creating plants that are smaller and more able to withstand stressful growing conditions such as those in retail outlets and landscapes, a practice