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Abbreviations: A, net CO 2 assimilation; Ci, intercellular CO 2 concentration; E, transpiration rate; GI, growth index; gs, stomatal conductance; LT, leaf ternperature; PE, pretreatment expanded; PPF, photosynthetic photon flux RE, recently

in Expt. 1 and intercellular CO 2 concentration ( C i ) were measured using an open-flow infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400; LI-COR) at 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 15 DAT. The instrument was equipped with a 2 × 3-cm leaf chamber and a red plus blue light

)], net photosynthetic rate [ A ( C and D )], intercellular CO 2 concentration [C i ( E and F )], water use efficiency [WUE ( G and H )], carbon 13 isotope discrimination [Δ 13 ( I and J )], and SPAD readings ( K and L ) of lima bean (cv

to sit overnight. Zinc concentration was analyzed with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (3100; PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA) at a wavelength of 213.86 nm. Statistics. For each response variable [P n , SPAD, g s , transpiration, intercellular CO 2

, E , g S , external ( C a ) and intercellular air CO 2 concentration (C i ), and leaf surface temperature were determined by means of a portable photosynthesis system (LCpro+; ADC BioScientific Ltd., U.K.) equipped with a chamber using a constant

wavelength range 400–700 nm) is used in the presence of chlorophyll to synthesis carbohydrate such as sugar from CO 2 and water ( Petela, 2007 ). Photosynthetic rate (A), intercellular CO 2 concentration (C i ), g S , transpiration rate (e), and dry matter

, dS·m −1 ) and leaching fractions (LFs) on photosynthesis rate ( P n , μmol CO 2 m −2 ·s −1 ), leaf stomatal conduction ( g S , mol H 2 O m −2 ·s −1 ), transpiration rate ( T r , mmol H 2 O m −2 ·s −1 ), and intercellular CO 2 concentration ( C i

under blue and green LEDs ( Fig. 3F ). Fig. 3. Responses of stomatal conductance, leaf intercellular CO 2 concentrations, and transpiration rates to irradiance for the adaxial side of ( A , C , E ) mature strawberry leaves and ( B , D , F ) young

at a 90° angle to the midrib and a micrometer is placed on the edge of the cut midrib. Leaf-specific weight was measured as the fresh weight per unit area. Net photosynthesis ( Pn ), g S , intercellular CO 2 concentration, and transpiration ( E ) of

−1 at 0, 4, and 8 DAT. Net photosynthetic rate (P n ), stomatal conductance ( g S ), and intercellular CO 2 concentration (C i ) were measured with four fully expanded leaves (second from the top) from three subsamples in each pot. Values of