albescent Phalaenopsis amabilis phenotype (white petals and sepals with an anthocyanin-pigmented labellum) could be complemented by transient expression of Z. mays Lc and C1 regulatory genes ( Griesbach and Klein, 1993 ; Ma et al., 2008 ). To further
when A. Howard released the cultivar ‘Howard's Star’ in the late 1800s, which is in the genetic background of nearly every modern star cultivar. Anthocyanin biosynthetic gene expression within the white and colored tissues of the Star mutation has
Gene expression analysis is increasingly important to understand the molecular mechanisms of plant biological processes, such as growth and development, and biotic and abiotic stress responses ( Huang et al., 2010 ; Koo et al., 2010 ; Ren et al
). Anthocyanin structural gene transcription requires the expression of at least one of each of three distinct transcription factor families: MYC, MYB, and WD40 ( Griesbach, 2005 ). The Myc gene family encode proteins characteristic of human MYC oncoprotein
severity is often cultivar dependent, with some cultivars being predisposed to specific physiological defects over the course of long-term storage ( Larrigaudière et al., 2016 ). Examining changes in gene expression during the postharvest period will 1
objective in this study was to directly identify critical physiological processes involved in the healing process by examining gene expression changes after intentional skinning. Materials and Methods Plant materials and skinning treatment. Freshly harvested
are therefore candidate Mlo orthologs. Gene expression analysis has become increasingly important in many fields of biological research. Understanding patterns of expressed genes is expected to provide insight into complex regulatory networks and
of corresponding genes ( Levitt, 1980 ). Elevated cold tolerance can be accompanied by the increase in expression of specific genes encoding antioxidant enzymes ( Baek and Skinner, 2003 ). Kayihan et al. (2012) investigated the effects of cold
Abstract
The objective of our research is to understand the genetic basis of embryogenesis. Somatic embryogenesis from carrot culture was chosen as the experimental system because of its simplicity and the ease with which it lends itself to obtaining a large number of embryos for genetic and biochemical experiments. Our general philosophy is to avoid media manipulation and to focus on gene expression during embryogenesis. One approach is to isolate genes preferentially expressed at specific stages of embryogenesis, and then to study the role of these genes in development.
). Expression of PR genes serves as a convenient marker for monitoring SAR ( Dong, 1996 ). Because chitinase in plant tissues degrades chitin in fungal cell walls and can inhibit fungal growth ( Arlorio et al., 1992 ; Leah et al., 1991 ), expression of