. (2012) found that labile Al was dominated by Al-OH complexes, which are considered toxic but at a lower level than Al 3+ . Li et al. (2015) found that fertilization significantly increased the accumulation of extractable inorganic P fractions
Abbreviations: EC, electrical conductivity EC a , EC of the applied solution; EC e , EC of a saturated medium extract; ET, evapotranspiration; LF, leaching fraction; LR, leaching requirement; M a , mass of pot after irrigation when at container
Abbreviations: EC, electrical conductivity; EC a , EC of the applied solution; EC e , EC of a saturated medium extract; ET, evapotranspiration; LF, leaching fraction; LI, leaching intensity; LR, leaching requirement; M a , mass of pot after
routinely conducted to account for changing production conditions (e.g., growth flushes, pruning, spacing), then LF testing can help account for variability in water needs throughout the container nursery. Routine leaching fraction testing coupled with
densities. Compared with in-ground production, container production of plants with sprinkler irrigation is inherently inefficient, as containers occupy only a fraction of the production area even when closely spaced. Direct application of water to the
predict responses. In this review, we describe an improved metric called the FR fraction (FR/R+FR), which a ranges from 0 to 1. This is a more intuitive metric both under electric and natural conditions compared with other ratios because it is positively
) demonstrated different oil constituents eluted at different distillation times. Since dill and coriander belong to the same family as cumin and have similar morphological structures (vitae) to store EO, we hypothesized that by capturing the oil fractions eluted
.0% to 60.8% in the EC iw of 1.6ā7.0 dSĀ·m ā1 , compared with the EC iw of 0.9 dSĀ·m ā1 . Table 1. Effects of irrigation water salinity (EC iw ) and leaching fraction (LF) on yield parameters and water use efficiency (WUE F ) of hot pepper using two
The āheavy fractionā portion of a municipal solid waste separation process was evaluated in field experiments as a soil amendment for producing turfgrass sod. Soil organic matter and concentrations of extractable NO3-N, P, K, Ca, and Zn in the soil increased with addition of heavy fraction. Soil incorporation of heavy fraction resulted in greater air, water, and total porosity and lower bulk density of a loamy sandy soil. .Sod strength measurements taken 8.5 and 9.5 months after seeding were higher for Kentucky bluegrass (Poaprutensis L.) grown in heavy-fraction-amended topsoil than for turf grown in topsoil only. The use of this by-product may reduce the time required to produce a marketable sod. Soil incorporation of heavy fraction did not influence post-transplant rooting of Kentucky bluegrass sod but enhanced rooting of bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] sod at the highest rate evaluated. Results of these studies suggest that the use of heavy fraction for sod production may provide cultural benefits in addition to reducing the volume of solid waste deposited in landfills.
Water-soluble pectin (WSP), chelator-soluble pectin (CSP), and hydrochloric acid-soluble pectin (HASP) were monitored in five Asturian apples (Malus domestics Borkh.) throughout ripening. The alcohol-insoluble solid content was found to decrease during ripening, while those of the WSP and CSP fractions increased in the final stages of ripening. This increase was probably at the expense of the HASP content, which had decreased by the end of the ripening period.