production to obtain optimum seedling emergence and uniformity requires high-quality seeds. Germination tests are used to evaluate the production of normal seedlings under optimal germination conditions ( Atwater, 1978 ; Geneve, 2008 ). However, these do not
reaching 100 cm in length ( Baird and Dickens, 1991 ). These weed species inhabit landscapes encompassing many different soil types and textures. Weed seed germination and emergence depend on many factors, including species, light, temperature, pH, osmotic
Abstract
Seeds from three cycles of recurrent selection in a heterogeneous cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) population for improved percentage of germination at 15°C were subjected to five treatments and evaluated for percentage of emergence and average number of days to emergence at 15°, 20°, and 25° under controlled conditions. Treatments included dry seed, imbibed seed, and pregerminated seed in combination with a supporting gel at sowing. Results indicate that the mechanism for improved low temperature germination is not due to enhanced imbibition. Data also suggest that the percentage of emergence of imbibed seed with or without gel is complemented by the genetic potential to germinate at low temperatures and that no such complementation exists for pregerminated seed. Percentage of emergence of dry and imbibed seed with or without gel at 15° was improved while selecting only for improved germination at 15°, indicating a correlated response to selection.
Abstract
Field-emergence trials and laboratory seed-quality tests were conducted on 45 seed lots of 13 sweet corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids. Results from standard laboratory germination tests were not correlated with field emergence in 4 field trials. Cold tests conducted in sterile sand and on rolled towels were correlated highly with field emergence. Electrolyte leakage tests conducted on individual seeds with the ASA-610 Automatic Seed Analyzer were superior to bulk-seed measurements with a conductivity meter. By combining the seedling-growth cold test (total seedling dry weight) with the Automatic Seed Analyzer test, multiple correlation values with field emergence ranged from 0.70 to 0.80.
(personal observation). Spores are viable for ≈1 year after release from the mother plant ( O'Hanlon, 1926 ). Limited research has addressed pre-emergence liverwort control. Preventive liverwort control is preferable to hand removal. Rhizoids that grow along
Agriculture (USDA), 2016 ]. Poor crop establishment is a major problem in edamame. Poor seedling emergence and uneven crop stands appear to be the norm in field trials, from North Dakota ( Duppong and Hatterman-Valenti, 2005 ) to Georgia ( Rao et al., 2002
goosegrass seedling emergence and growth, seedbank size, and seed longevity. Hawton and Drennan (1980) cited a report of 5 × 10 9 goosegrass seeds/ha and reported seedling emergence of up to 68% in the first year, 2% in the second, and 0.2% in the third
some management techniques might translate from grain-type soybean to edamame, research to confirm or deny their appropriateness is lacking. Poor emergence is a common theme in field research on edamame ( Duppong and Hatterman-Valenti 2005 ; Rao et al
growth in seven commercially available media for organic production, and evaluate media effects on emergence, seedling growth, and posttransplant performance. No fertilizers were added during production so that seedling growth would depend on nutrients
Abbreviations: E, emergence; ED, endodormancy; G, germination; St, stratification. 1 Graduate Research Assistant. 2 Professor. This report is based, in part, on research conducted and supported as part of SAES Western Regional Research Project W-130