of regular physiological processes often associated with osmotic adjustment. Plant growth under drought stress is substantially reduced, partly because lower turgor pressure in cells affected by low water potential results in a slower cell expansion
al., 2007 ; Zhang et al., 2008 , 2011 ). There are also studies reporting that dehydrins are present in turfgrass when drought-stressed ( Hu et al., 2010 ; Jiang and Huang, 2002 ; Pan et al., 2013 ; Volaire, 2002 ). Very few data exist in
). During shipping and retailing, plants may be exposed to harsh environmental conditions, including high temperatures and irregular irrigation, which cause rapid substrate drying and plant wilting. These drought-stressed plants quickly become undesirable to
grass ( Chrysopogon zizanioides ) was shown to accumulate levels of Spd and Spm under drought stress, whereas putrescine levels decreased ( Zhou and Bingjun, 2009 ). Whether PAs accumulate as a result of stress damage or to protect plant cells from
resistance, but has not focused much on abiotic stresses of creeping bentgrass such as drought stress ( Meyer et al., 2017 ). Creeping bentgrass cultivars are synthetic because the species is highly outcrossing—meaning, there can be genetic variation within
drought stress is exacerbated on plant establishment and survival, and selection of drought-tolerant plants becomes increasingly important for the development of sustainable landscapes. Roses ( Rosa × hybrid L.) are some of the most common garden plants
decline, including heat stress (HT) and drought stress (DS). Because this species is often found in nature growing in wetland habitats and areas that do not have high summer temperatures ( Davy, 1980 ; Hagerup, 1939 ), tufted hairgrass may be sensitive to
Drought stress can be detrimental to the growth of annual and perennial plant species. For annual crops, the maintenance of yield production during drought is important, but for perennial grasses used as turfgrass or forage grasses, the ability of
Water stress is one of the most widespread abiotic stresses limiting plant growth in many areas in the world ( Neill et al., 2008 ). Drought stress affects numerous metabolic processes in plants, including synthesis of primary metabolites such as
production and growth are affected severely by drought stress ( Vahdati et al., 2009 ). In recent years, climate change has increased temperatures and altered precipitation regimes, which has led to an increase of drought stress in many areas, and therefore a