Saffron, the dried stigmas of saffron crocus ( Crocus sativus ) flowers, is the most expensive spice by weight and is known as “red gold.” It is a well-known and ancient culinary spice, and it is used in cosmetics and perfumes, and as a textile
, rhizomes, or tubers ( Hessayon, 1996 ). Examples of true bulbs include Hyacinthus (hyacinth), Muscari (grape hyacinth), and Narcissus (daffodil) spp. ( De Hertogh and Le Nard, 1993 ). Crocus (crocus) and Gladiolus (gladiola) spp. produce corms
vole colony on 2 consecutive days for each bulb variety ( Fig. 2 ). Depending on the weight of an individual bulb, a whole bulb, part of a bulb, or several small bulbs (range of 3–16 g, except for autumn crocus) was offered for 15 min to each of 12 to
Spring-flowering bulbs like daffodil ( Narcissus sp.), hyacinth ( Hyacinthus sp.), and crocus ( Crocus sp.) are some of the earliest flowers to appear in gardens each year and are widely planted throughout the world ( Armitage, 2008 ). Many
Saffron ( Crocus sativus ) is a geophyte perennial plant from the family Iridaceae with underground soft corms. It is a valuable crop that has been cultivated as a spice for at least 3,500 years. The name “saffron” comes originally from the Arabic
Abstract
Exercises are described to familiarize horticultural students with the ‘Standard Forcing’ of potted tulips, hyacinths, daffodils, Iris reticulata, Crocus and grape hyacinths as well as cut tulips and daffodils. Procedures are outlined for ‘Special Precooling’ of tulips and Dutch iris as cut flowers. In addition, a simplified list of readily available cultivars of the spring-flowering bulbs covered is provided. The exercises utilize Valentine’s Day as the marketing holiday.
The cultivation of saffron ( Crocus sativus L.) is one of the oldest in the world and has occurred in the region of the Orient, near the Mediterranean, since the Late Bronze Age ( Zohary and Hopf, 1994 ). It is one of the most expensive spices
; ( B ) marjoram ( Origanum marjorana ) folio 33v; ( C ) dill ( Anethum graveolens ) folio 32r; ( D ) saffron ( Crocus sativus ) folio 40v. Marjoram. This is a spice originating in northern Africa and southwestern Asia ( Simon et al., 1984 ). Two
over four seasons for flowering performance and persistence. Richardson et al. (p. 228) found that all bulbs flowered the first year after planting, but ‘Ruby Giant’ crocus was the only bulb that persisted and continued to flower over 4 years. The
choosing the taller plants during vegetative growth. The correlations between vegetative and productive traits have also occurred in other species within Iridaceae, such as Crocus sativus ( Baghalian et al., 2010 ): two traits (flower number and leaf