undergo cold acclimation in late fall as temperature drop and photoperiod gets shorter. It has been well documented that increased cold acclimation could improve freeze tolerance of plants, including turfgrasses ( Anderson et al., 2003 ). Plants possess
. For example, Rogers et al. (1975) reported accumulation of total nonstructural carbohydrate and starch during cold acclimation in ‘Meyer’ in a field study. In contrast, Patton et al. (2007a) reported decreased starch concentrations in zoysiagrass
excellent cold resistance and could tolerate temperatures as low as −35 °C ( Gusta et al., 1980 ). However, creeping bentgrass has suffered winter-kill in some temperate regions such as in northern China. Winter-kill is a general term that is used to define
natural outdoor cold temperatures. Average hourly outside ambient air temperature was recorded by a data logger weather station (CR1000 X; Campbell Scientific, Logan, UT, USA) ∼500 m from the plants. Table 1. Aronia germplasm used in chilling
107 POSTER SESSION (Abstr. 465–478) Stress–Cold Temperatures
requirements for prior exposure to cold temperature (chilling) have been satisfied, i.e., vernalization and/or breaking of endodormancy ( Iversen and Weiler, 1994 ). Inadequate accumulation of chill units can result in delayed or uneven shoot emergence, reduced
Plants endure many biotic and abiotic stresses, including exposure to cold temperatures. Tremendous damage to plant cells can result from freezing temperatures, primarily to the cellular membranes ( Thomashow, 1999 ). Many plants have adapted to
78 ORAL SESSION 13 (Abstr. 084–091) Stress–Cold Temperatures
The University of Minnesota (UMN) Grape Breeding Program developed cold-hardy wine grape cultivars ( Vitis vinifera , V. labrusca , and V. riparia ) that have facilitated the establishment of a viable grape industry in the midwest region of the
as a commercial ornamental plant in North America is limited, principally because of a lack of cold hardiness. Almost all of Australia corresponds to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) hardiness zone 9 or higher ( Dawson, 1991 ), and as a