., 1994 ). In the early 1990s, a complete dynamic climate control concept was first developed ( Aaslyng et al., 2003 ) and constantly further developed since then. The system aims at optimizing the greenhouse microclimate to ensure maximum net dry matter
Since 1990, considerable effort has been expended to characterize the impact of human activities on global climate [ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2001 ; IPCC, 2007 ; Karl et al., 2009 ]. Potential impacts of global change
show that some improvement can be achieved by incorporating daylength in addition to temperature into apple development models, but find little physiological evidence for including this variable. The reliance on single climate model realizations coupled
cold-climate wine grapes and for making them more competitive with grapes produced in warmer regions ( Atucha et al., 2018 ; Pedneault et al., 2013 ; Sabbatini and Howell, 2011 ). Performance of select northern hybrid cultivars in the cold climates of
annual crops. The simplest calendars provide fixed irrigation intervals with respect to a planting date, and have been used in developing countries where access to soil- and climate-based scheduling technologies are limited ( Hill and Allen, 1996 ). More
Since the 1980s, there has been consistent progress in breeding and selection of cold-hardy, disease-resistant grape cultivars that are adapted to the cool, humid climates of the eastern and central United States. Many of these cultivars are based
establishment guided, in part, by a feasibility study conducted by Texas A&M University ( Perry and Bowen, 1974 ). The study systematically analyzed the state for climate, soils, water availability, and risk factors; many of these factors were summarized with
cities, particularly the street-side population, is based on a modest body of scientific knowledge while facing an uncertain future climate. We propose that tropical urban tree management and potential climate impacts can be understood in the context of
particularly important in cold climates, enhancing the concentrations of sugars, anthocyanins, and total phenolics, whereas lowering organic acid concentrations of fruit ( Pereira et al., 2006 ; Smart and Robinson, 1991 ). Training systems can influence vine
Deciduous fruit trees are naturally exposed to annual climatic variations over a growing season that drives phenological progression ( Campoy et al., 2011 ; Charrier et al., 2011 ; Chung et al., 2011 ; Darbyshire et al., 2011 ). Climate