The aim of this study was to monitor the pigment profile and chlorophyllase (Chlase) and lipoxygenase (Lox) activities of olive (Olea europaea L.) drupes during the development of the fruit from `Arbequina' and `Farga' in order to find better ways to characterize cultivars such as `Arbequina' that produce virgin olive oils that are highly appreciated in international markets. `Farga' was included as a comparative reference. The total pigment content in olive drupes from the two cultivars studied suffered a decrease when the maturation process began, the rate of chlorophyll degradation being more marked than that of the carotenoid pigment. Chlorophyllides a and b, cis-α-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, and esterified xanthophylls were detected only in `Arbequina' fruit. The behavior of the Chlase and Lox activities in both cultivars was different. Chlase activity in olives from `Farga' was detected only at the end of the pit hardening period, but in the case of `Arbequina' the presence of dephytilated chlorophyllic derivatives is directly related to a higher Chlase enzymatic activity than that of `Farga' fruit. Although the level of these enzymatic activities decreased when ripening advanced in both cultivars, in `Arbequina' both enzymes showed a slight increase of activity at the latest stages of ripening.
consequence of starch accumulation in citrus leaves affected by HLB may be an impact on photosynthesis. Light energy absorbed by chlorophyll molecules can be used to drive photosynthesis, dissipated as heat, or re-emitted as light (chlorophyll fluorescence
There is great genetic variation in tea germplasm, among which albino tea plants are mutants that grow albino young leaves owing to lack of chlorophylls under certain environmental conditions ( Du et al., 2006 ). The albino tea cultivars attract a
1 Prescnt address: Himeji College of Hyogo, Shinzaike-honcho, Himeji, Hyogo 670 Japan. 2 To whom reprint requests should be addressed. Paper no. W of the series “Mechanism of Chlorophyll Degradation in Harvested Leafy Vegetables”. We gratefully
Three chlorophyll deficiency traits in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) are reported. One, chlorophyll deficient-3 (cd-3), is quite yellow in the seedling stage, and controlled by a single recessive allele. Chlorophyll deficient-4 (cd-4) has sectors of yellow-green and green in the true leaves. It is inherited as a single recessive, and may be allelic to chlorophyll deficient-2 (cd-2). Sickly (si) is stunted, yellow, and partially necrotic, and is also controlled by a single allele. Virescent (vi) is epistatic to cd-4 and the latter is partially lethal. Linkage and additional epistatic relations with previously named chlorophyll deficient genes and other traits are discussed.
Leaf chlorophyll content is an important index for plant N status, photosynthesis capacity, and stress tolerance ( Taiz et al., 2015 ). It is common to estimate leaf chlorophyll content using nondestructive optical chlorophyll meters ( Ferrarezi
. Chlorophyll fluorescence and the photochemistry of photosystem II (PSII) can be imaged using cameras, sophisticated data capture techniques, and synchronized light sources ( Baker, 2008 ). Both baseline chlorophyll fluorescence and the Fv/Fm can be imaged and
well as labor-intensive and time-consuming. More recently, chlorophyll fluorescence analysis has been used to evaluate plant responses to different environmental stresses ( Baker and Rosenqvist, 2004 ; Maxwell and Johnson, 2000 ). Chlorophyll
Heat stress induces and accelerates leaf senescence, which is characterized by a loss of chlorophyll and cellular membrane deterioration, as well as oxidative damage ( Jespersen et al. 2016 ; Liu and Huang 2000 ; Yu et al. 2021a ). Leaf
plays a role ( Han and Mukai, 1999 ; Ida, 1981 ). Plants have several mechanisms to cope with excess light during periods of low temperature when Calvin cycle activity is limiting, including reduction of chlorophyll, pH-dependent xanthophyll cycle