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avoid poor flower set. Normally litchi trees flower at the apex of terminal shoots. The accumulation of carbohydrates in these shoots is dependent on mature leaves, which have photosynthetic capacity. The carbon-to-nitrogen in plants has been considered

compete with each other and can compensate for changes ( Fernandez and Pritts, 1994 ; Oliveira et al., 2004 ; Snyder and Richey, 1930 ; Waister and Wright, 1989 ; Whitney, 1982 ). Early reports on carbohydrate movement in the raspberry plant associate

adjustments to adapt/tolerate salinity stress, which include the changes of free amino acids and carbohydrates metabolism. Free amino acids are fundamental compositions in the processes of protein and other growth substances synthesis, which are vital for

88 Colloquium 2 (Abstr. 706–713) The Carbohydrate Economy of Horticultural Crops

88 Colloquium 2 (Abstr. 706–713) The Carbohydrate Economy of Horticultural Crops

Abbreviations: DP, degree of polymerization DPP, days postproduction MCW, methanol: chloroform: water; TSC, total soluble carbohydrate. l Graduate Assistant. 2 Assistant Professor of Plant Sciences, to whom reprint requests should be addressed

across seasons is crucial. Indeed, this hypothesis would explain why NSC pools were maintained before tree growth, especially under drought conditions ( Bustan et al., 2011 ; Chapin et al., 1990 ). Fig. 2. Nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) concentration

leaf area ( Connor et al., 2005 ; Graves, 1994 ; Nash and Graves, 1993 ; Pääkkönen et al., 1998a ). Osmotic solutes such as carbohydrates, organic acids, and mineral nutrients accumulate in plants during water-deficit stress and help to maintain

ryegrass ( Lolium perenne ) had only a slightly lower level of quality when irrigated at 80% ETo relative to 100% ETo. Availability of total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) has been widely used as a physiological measure of stress tolerance, because

88 Colloquium 2 (Abstr. 706–713) The Carbohydrate Economy of Horticultural Crops