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consumption of the fruit and juice ( Holland et al., 2009 ). Flowering in pomegranate is characterized as having both hermaphroditic (bisexual) flowers and functionally male flowers on the same plant, a condition referred to as andromonoecy. The hermaphroditic
of the a gene responsible for andromonoecy in watermelon. Fine mapping will be required to determine whether the a gene in watermelon has a pleiotropic effect on fruit shape or whether the correlation is the result of close linkage between two
monoecious flowers [indicating a pathway with monoecy as an intermediate step ( Fig. 1B and D )] or hermaphroditic flowers [indicating gynodioecy, andromonoecy, or androdioecy as an intermediate step ( Fig. 1E–G ) ( Ainsworth, 2000 ; Pannell, 2002 ; Ross
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574 584 https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-014-0353-0 May, P.G. Spears, E.E. Jr 1988 Andromonoecy and variation in phenotypic gender of Passiflora incarnata (Passifloraceae) Amer. J. Bot. 75 1830 1841 https://doi.org/10
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condition referred to as andromonoecy. Although pomegranate flowers are commonly portrayed as falling within either bisexual or male floral types, sex expression appears to follow a spectrum where flowers can range from those with strong pistils to those
, leaf, and seed traits are also important from an evolutionary perspective. For example, variation in stigma size has resulted in andromonoecy in accessions of the temperate North American species P. incarnata ( Krosnick et al., 2017 ). In various