plant transcription factors Plant J. 66 94 116 Frary, A. Frary, A. Daunay, M.C. Huvenaars, K. Mank, R. Doganlar, S. 2014 QTL hotspots in eggplant ( Solanum melongena ) detected with a high resolution map and CIM analysis Euphytica 197 211 228 Gisbert, C
Karam, F. Saliba, R. Skaf, S. Breidy, J. Rouphael, Y. Balendonck, J. 2011 Yield and water use of eggplants ( Solanum melongena L.) under full and deficit irrigation regimes Agr. Water Mgt. 98 1307 1316 Kirnak, H. Tas, I. Kaya, C. Higgs, D. 2002 Effects
Abstract
The Agricultural Research Service collection of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and related Solanum species from throughout the world was screened for resistance to the carmine spider mite Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval). Tolerance to mite feeding damage was found in S. melongena (P.I. 269663 and 269660), and antibiosis was found in S. mammosum L. (P.I. 245968), S. sisymbrifolium Lam. (P.I. 337597), and S. pseudocapsicum L. (P.I. 368425). P.I. accessions 245968, 368425, 269663, and 269660 were least preferred for feeding and oviposition.
Eggplant ( Solanum melongena L.), as a member of the Solanaceae family, mostly demands high temperature and light during its growth ( Krug, 1991 ; Messiaen, 1989 ). It is usually grown in open fields during summer and in greenhouses during
Abstract
Interspecific hybrids between Solanum melongena L. cv. Millionaire and S. torvum Sw. were produced by hybridization using S. torvum as the pollen parent. The progeny was determined to be hybrid based on morphological and cytological observations. Reciprocal attempts to self- and backcross the hybrid to the parental species were unsuccessful. Observations of the pollen from the F1 plants indicated low viability. Meiosis in the parents appeared normal. Cytological observations of hybrid pollen mother cells (PMC) indicated abnormalities at all meiotic stages.
Field experiments were conducted in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, to determine the effect of increasing population densities of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) on the yield of eggplant (Solanum melongena). Purple nutsedge populations were established by transplanting viable tubers on 1-m-wide soil beds previously fumigated to suppress volunteer weeds. Nutsedge densities were 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 plants (tubers) per m2. `Jira' eggplants and purple nutsedge were transplanted the same day and were allowed to interfere season-long. Purple nutsedge initial population densities of up to 100 plants per m2 did not significantly affect the fruit yield of `Jira' eggplants. However, nutsedge densities between 100 and 200 plants per m2 had a significant impact on eggplant yield, causing a linear decline in fruit yield as purple nutsedge density increased. Eggplant fruit yield loss was 22.3% at the density of 200 nutsedge plants per m2.
Eggplant ( Solanum melongena L.) is one of the most popular and vital cultivated vegetables worldwide and rich in dietary fiber, vitamins, and antioxidants ( Ban et al. 2021 ; Ghahremani et al. 2021 ). The harvested area and global production of
Eggplant is an important vegetable crop in Kuwait. Eggplant is considered to have moderately sensitive salt-tolerance, though no quantitative information is available on its salt sensitivity. Selecting salt-tolerant genotypes in eggplant is an ongoing project at Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research. Towards the goal of selecting salt-tolerant genotypes in eggplant a completely randomized experiment using 10 cultivars, replicated 3 times were tested against 2 levels of high salinity stress (EC MS.cm-1 at 25°C, 15.0 and 18.0) along with the control (EC MS.cm-1 at 25°C, 3.0). The experiment was conducted on 15 days old seedlings inside a greenhouse. Data on shoot length and visual observations on leaf necrosis, leaf collapse and root color was also recorded. There was a clear degree of variability as well as significant differences in growth and final survival, between cultivars at 2 levels of salinity stress. Those genotypes that showed significant higher growth rates and survival without any signs on leaf necrosis and root collapse formed the basis salt-tolerant genotypes.
Field studies were conducted in the Dominican Republic to determine the effect of several plant growth regulators on the yield of `Jira' eggplant. Treatments consisted of aqueous solutions of folcysteine (25, 50, 75 ppm), giberellic acid 3 (10, 20, 30 ppm), kinetine (25, 50, 75 ppm), naphthalenacetic acid (NAA) (25, 50, 75 ppm), 2,3,4-dichloro-phenoxy-triethyl-amine hydrochloride (DCPTA) (25, 50, 75 ppm), triacontanol (5, 10, 15 ppm), ethanol (5, 10, 15%), and chlormequat (50, 100, 150 ppm) sprayed at early flowering, directed to the crop upper leaves and flowers. A control treatment (no plant growth regulators applied) was also included. A randomized complete-block design with four replications was utilized. Experimental units were two rows of 10 plants at a 1.0 × 0.4-m distancing. Eggplant fruit set and yield were determined after 10 harvests performed at 3-day intervals. Analysis of variance and mean comparison tests were performed on the resulting data. `Jira' eggplant fruit set and yield was significantly improved by folcysteine, giberellic acid 3, and NAA, but not by kinetine, DCPTA, ethanol, triacontanol, or chlormequat. Eggplant yield increased as folcysteine rate increased from 0 to 50 ppm, but no further yield increase was obtained when increasing the rate from 50 to 75 ppm. Similarly, eggplant yield significantly increased as gibberellic acid increased from 0 to 20 ppm, but not when rates increased from 20 to 30 ppm. With NAA, eggplant fruit set and yield significantly increased above that of control plants when 25 ppm was applied, with no significant yield increase at higher rates. Results indicate that the yield of `Jira' eggplants could be enhanced by the treatments with either folcysteine, NAA, or gibberellic acid hereby described.
A chimeric construct, containing the synthetic cryIIIA (Btt) gene, the NPTII selectable marker and the uidA reporter gene, was incorporated via Agrobacterium tumefaciens into eggplant, variety Hibush. The synthetic cryIIIA gene, altered at the nucleotide level without changing the amino acids of the toxic protein by J. Kemp of New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, is adapted for high expression in plant cells. To verify the transgenic status, GUS assays were performed on over 300 plants, from which 185 were confirmed to be transgenic. Physical incorporation of the chimeric construct was further confirmed by Southern analysis of about 30 transgenic plants; both single and multiple site incorporation of the Btt gene were found. Resistance to Colorado potato beetle (CPB) was assessed by: a) placing egg masses of CPB on leaves of plants grown in the growth chamber; b) placing first-instar larvae on detached leaves; c) observing 173 transgenic plants under field conditions. About 60% of the transgenic plants displayed a very high level of resistance to CPB. No larvae survived on the resistant plants longer than 50–60 hours after hatching. Upon selfing, the transgenic plants with a single construct segregate in the S1 generation in a Mendelian fashion.