several species of flea beetles ( Altica spp.) ( Byers, 1997 ; Egolf and Andrick, 1978 ; Mizell and Knox, 1993 ). In recent years, there have been numerous reports by nursery growers of sudden and severe damage to young crape myrtle plantings by the
lagerstroemiae ( Wade and Woodward, 2009 ; Whitcomb, 1985 )], and good resistance to crepe myrtle aphid [ Tinocallis kahawaluokalani ( Mizell and Knox, 1993 )] but is moderately susceptible to flea beetles [ Altica sp. ( Pettis et al., 2004 )], so it was used
Colorado potato beetle (CPB; Leptinotarsa decemlineata-Say) is a serious pest because it has developed resistance against insecticides. Three transgenic eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) lines bearing a mutagenized Bacillus thuringiensis Berl. gene coding for the Cry3B toxin, and the nontransformed control DR2-line were tested in field trials to assess their insect resistance. The transgenic lines 3-2, 6-1, and 9-8 were tested at two different locations in a randomized complete-block design. Samples were taken biweekly to assess the level of CPB and the presence of other insects. At harvest, total yield and fruit number per plot were recorded. Two transgenic lines showed high levels of resistance at both locations, as measured by CPB abundance and yield. Fruit production was almost twice as great in the highly resistant lines (3-2 and 9-8) as in the nontransformed control. The 6-1 transgenic line showed an intermediate level of resistance; it was similar to the control under heavy CPB pressure and was comparable to the other transgenic lines under milder infestations. Analysis by double antibody sandwich–enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS–ELISA), performed on different tissues, revealed a lower amount of Cry3B protein in the 6-1 transgenic line than in lines 3-2 and 9-8. No detrimental effects on nontarget arthropods (including the chrysomelid Altica) were evident. Field observations confirmed that Bt may be able to control CPB infestation in eggplant, representing a potential effective and environmentally safe means of pest control.
exhibit differential resistance to flea beetles [ Altica spp. Geoffroy (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)] and japanese beetle [ Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)], two of the most common insect pest of crapemyrtles ( Cabrera et al., 2008
beetles ( Altica spp.), and Japanese beetle ( Popillia japonica Newman) ( Pettis et al., 2004 ). A combination of complementary traits from L. indica and L. speciosa would appear to have great potential for expanding genetic diversity, for
., 1998 ), flea beetles ( Altica sp.), and Japanese beetle ( Popillia japonica Newman) ( Pettis et al., 2004 ). Continued breeding with germplasm derived from Otto Spring's breeding program has resulted in the release of several popular cultivars with
control in blueberry can be minimal or extensive, depending on the situation. Many growers are spraying for flea beetle ( Altica sylvia ) and thrips ( Frankliniella vacciaii ) most years. Some growers are spraying for blueberry maggot fly ( Rhagoletis
. 2008 Differential resistance among crape myrtle ( Lagerstroemia ) species, hybrids, and cultivars to foliar feeding by adult flea beetle ( Altica litigate ) HortScience 43 403 407 Cabrera, R.I. 2003 Nitrogen balances
increased resistance toward major pests, including flea beetle ( Altica spp.) and Japanese beetle ( Popillia japonica Newman) ( Pettis et al. 2004 ). The most popular crapemyrtle cultivars (with the greatest sales) are interspecific hybrids ‘Natchez