Nutrient and pesticide runoff from agricultural production facilities is a concern because it is regarded as a potential nonpoint source pollution of surface waters. Nurseries may be significant sources of these constituents as a result of the
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Salvatore S. Mangiafico, Jay Gan, Laosheng Wu, Jianhang Lu, Julie P. Newman, Ben Faber, Donald J. Merhaut, and Richard Evans
Chris Wilson, Ed Stover, and Brian Boman
Off-target deposition of pesticidal spray material is both an economic loss to the grower and a potential environmental problem in southern Florida. This study evaluated the reduction in non-target deposition of copper resulting from different approaches to spraying row-ends in typical Indian River citrus (Citrus) production systems. Using copper as a model pesticide, applications were made in a commercial citrus grove in June and July 2001. Non-target deposition on the water surface within an adjacent drainage canal, as well as on surrounding ground surfaces, was measured using Teflon spray targets. Specific row-end spraying scenarios included: 1) leaving both banks of nozzles on while turning; 2) turning the outside-facing nozzles off (leaving tree-facing nozzles on); 3) turning both banks of nozzles off at the tree trunk; and 4) turning all nozzles off at the end of the foliage of the last tree within the row. Deposition directly onto surface water contained within drainage canals was reduced significantly when nozzles were turned off at the last tree within a row, or when the outside-facing nozzles-only were turned off through the turn. Likewise, deposition was reduced on ground surfaces adjacent to the sprayer under the same scenarios. No differences were observed on ground surfaces on the opposite side of the canal. Significant reductions in direct application of agrichemicals to surface waters within Indian River citrus production groves can be achieved by turning nozzles off when turning from one tree row into the next.
Travis W. Shaddox, J. Bryan Unruh, Mark E. Johnson, Clark D. Brown, and Greg Stacey
expectations of golf course turfgrass often requires use of pest management practices to maintain aesthetics and playability ( Held and Potter 2012 ). Because pesticide use increases maintenance costs and may influence environmental risk, it is essential that
Victoria H. Wallace, Candace Bartholomew, and Julie H. Campbell
Pesticide usage throughout the United States is coming under increasing scrutiny due to potential environmental and health concerns. Notably, concern about pesticide residue exposure of children at schools has intensified the debate over use of
Julie H. Campbell and Victoria H. Wallace
Synthetic pesticides are often used across the United States on public athletic fields and park areas to control weeds and various other pests. On these public recreational areas, the public is frequently unaware where a pesticide application has
Raymond A. Cloyd and Amy L. Raudenbush
Horticultural crops grown in greenhouses may be infested with several insect and mite pest species simultaneously ( Cloyd, 2012 ). However, pesticides may be selective in regards to the insect and/or mite pests they effectively control, yet
Damon E. Abdi and R. Thomas Fernandez
Container nursery crop production is an input-intensive industry with respect to water and agrochemical use, and daily irrigation, high fertilizer rates, and multiple applications of pesticides throughout the season are common practices ( Agro and
R. Paul Larsen
Abstract
No domestic issue since the depression of the 1930‘s has generated so much concern and emotion as “pollution. ” Like it or not, we as horticulturists are being swept along in an accelerating tide of public opinion against anything which may seem to add another gram of contamination to our earthly environment. In the public mind, pollution and pesticides have become synonymous. That is, pesticides are environmental poisons regardless of form, use or purpose. This unfortunate fear has been very effectively promoted by certain special interest groups who believe in strict protection and preservation of the environment, but only in accordance with their viewpoint.
Candace Bartholomew, Benjamin L. Campbell, and Victoria Wallace
grounds) not only serve as homes to athletic teams, but are also used as recreation areas for children to play throughout the day. For this reason, a clear understanding of how pesticide bans have changed both grounds maintenance expenses and field quality
Raymond A. Cloyd
Pesticides, in this case, insecticides and miticides, are the primary means of controlling arthropod (insect and mite) pests encountered in greenhouse production systems, including greenhouse whitefly ( Trialeurodes vaporariorum ), sweetpotato