An invasive species is defined as “an alien (non-native) species whose introduction does or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health” ( USDA, 2018a ). Invasive plants have been subject to significant research from
Urban population growth and periodic droughts throughout much of the United States have led to increased restrictions on landscape water use. These water restrictions have increased interest in planting native shrub species because natives are often
.52 billion ( Hodges, 2011 ). With support from the federal government, state agencies, and private organizations, the use of native plants has been a growing segment in the horticulture industry ( Executive Order 13112, 1999 ; National Wildlife Federation
Pecan ( Carya illinoinensis ) production using clones rather than natives has a number of advantages. Clones produce a more consistent harvest, produce more and larger nuts that have thinner shells, and their disease resistance properties are known
-tolerant landscape plants includes both exotic plants (plants not present before western colonization and adapted to the landscaped environment) and/or native plants [for the purposes of this article, species originating anywhere within the Intermountain West region
Reed canarygrass is native to Eurasia and North America ( Lavergne and Molofsky, 2004 ); it is a perennial, wind-pollinated, wetland grass, cultivated in temperate regions around the globe for a forage, bioremediation, ornamental use, and biofuel
There is strong consumer interest in native plants for landscaping [ Garden Writers Association Survey (2010), 2011 ]. Landscape architects and master gardeners would like to use more native plants but have found that a broad palette of native
The dominant landscaping practice of recent centuries has been to create landscapes designed with ornamental plants that have been introduced from other countries. This practice has been so pervasive that nonnative plant species now outnumber native
The domesticated cranberry is a low, perennial woody vine native to northeastern North America ( Eck, 1986 ). Fruit set and fruit size are maximized when eight or more pollen grains are transferred to the stigma of the flower; if fewer than four
Growing demand for premium value, prevariety germplasm of site or regionally specific ecotype seeds of native forbs (hereafter referred to as wildflowers) for use in ecological restoration, reclamation, and along roadsides has resulted in a