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an economically viable crop requires improvement of many traits, such as rubber yield and plant vigor. Male sterility is characterized by a lack of functional pollen and has been identified in over 600 species including many agriculturally important

investigation on the morphologically spatial and temporal occurrence of male-sterile triploid pollen. In this study, we compared the development and morphology of natural diploid pollen and triploid pollen in L. lancifolium . Our comparative results cannot

. As individual fruits cracked during the course of the experiment, these were excluded from further incubation and measurement. The only exception was for fruit incubated in 300 m m malic acid without pH control, where all fruit had cracked within the

Hybrid onions are widely grown throughout the world and are commonly produced using CMS lines as seed parents ( Havey, 2000 ). For the most commonly used source of CMS in onion, male sterility results from the interaction of male sterile (S

The use of male-sterile plants has become an important technique in heterosis breeding to simplify and reduce the cost of seed production. Heterosis is used often in the breeding of cruciferous crops, with male-sterile lines providing a useful

dioecious species with females containing homogametic chromosomes XX and males containing heterogametic chromosomes XY ( Moliterni et al., 2004 ). Male plants are taller, more slender, and have a shorter life cycle than female plants. Sex morphology in hemp

‘Randy’ is a male pistachio ( Pistacia vera L.) released as a pollenizer for female cultivars Golden Hills and Lost Hills. It has flowered well and uniformly during low-chill seasons (less than 800 h) in Kern and Madera Counties, CA. ‘Randy

C. oleifera , and although C. oleifera is a crosspollinated plant with strong heterosis in the F 1 generation ( Han et al., 2015 ), crossbreeding requires labor-intensive emasculation in the field. In general, male sterility is a much sought

consumption of the fruit and juice ( Holland et al., 2009 ). Flowering in pomegranate is characterized as having both hermaphroditic (bisexual) flowers and functionally male flowers on the same plant, a condition referred to as andromonoecy. The hermaphroditic

Hybrids may combine the advantages of two parents and display heterosis to meet the need for genetic improvement. To increase cross efficiency by avoiding the time-consuming emasculation procedure, male sterility has been widely used to produce