765 D’Souza, C. Yuk, H.G. Khoo, G.H. Zhou, W. 2015 Application of light-emitting diodes in food production, postharvest preservation, and microbiological food safety Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf. 14 719 740 Davis, P.A. Burns, C. 2016 Photobiology in
) fresh head weight, ( B ) fresh root weight, ( C ) dry head weight, and ( D ) dry root weight for lettuce cultivars Costal Star, Muir, Green Butter, and Rouge d’Hiver grown in a hydroponic system under fluorescent light vs. light-emitting diode (LED
expenses (electricity use as well as replacement lamps). Naturally, advances in lighting technology are of great interest to the CEA community for these very reasons. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are the most recent lighting technology to enter the CEA
variance using SPSS.10 (SPSS, Chicago, IL). The treatment means were separated by different letters. Results Growth and accumulation of metabolites as affected by light-emitting diode light sources Morphological changes induced by light-emitting diode light
spectra, the light intensity of a selected treatment was maintained at a mean PPFD of 215 ± 15 μmol·m −2 ·s −1 , which nonsignificantly differed among the light spectrum treatments. Fig. 1. Spectral distribution of light-emitting diode (LED) light
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are solid-state semiconductor devices that produce narrow spectrum light when voltage is applied. The use of LEDs in photobiology research was reported in the 1980s and the concept of using LEDs for plant lighting was
crop shown is radish on the day of harvest. Note the differences in plant form across treatments, which are arranged (left to right) warm, neutral, and cool white LEDs. LED = light-emitting diode. Light treatments. Warm, neutral, and cool white LEDs
a trade name or proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement, guarantee, or warranty by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Quantum Devices, Inc. (Barneveld, Wis.) holds a patent (No. 5,012,609) on light-emitting diodes as an
either Dynamac Corporation or National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Quantum Devices, Inc., Barneveld, Wis., holds a patent (no. 5,012,609) on light-emitting diodes as an illumination source for plant growth. The cost of publishing this paper was
.H. Kim et al., 2004 ). For example, studies have been conducted to compare the growth of cucumbers ( Cucumis sativus L.) reared under red or blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The findings showed that, compared with irradiation under white light, root