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Abstract
Tropical lines of Phaseolus spp. planted in Hawaii in spring or early summer included types which bloomed in the usual 30-45 days and types which did not bloom until days had begun to shorten in the fall. Short day types bloomed at daylengths between 113/4 and 131/4 hr, with the majority blooming between 121/2 and 13 hr. P. vulgaris, P. lunatus, and P. calcaratus included both short-day and day-neutral types. All lines of P. aconitifolius, P. acutifolius, and P. angularis were day-neutral. Single lines of P. erythroloma and P. cf. stenolobus were short-day, and single lines of P. pilosus, P. radiatus, and P. bracteatus were day-neutral.
Abbreviations: F, fast band; FF, fast-migrating band; FS, fast- and slow-migrating bands; PER, peroxidase; PGM, phosphoglucomutase; PI, plant introduction; S, slow band; SOD, superoxide dismutase; SS, slow-migrating band. 1 To whom reprint requests
of different daylength responses may represent divergent germplasm pools within the cultivated onion. Single nucleotide polymorphisms are robust, codominant genetic markers that commonly occur in the genomes of cultivated plants. In previous research
the colonial era ( Dolan, 2009 ). The grafted trees that originated from the European scions were genetically identical to those in Europe, and thus their cultivar names were retained ( Dolan, 2009 ). Seeds brought from Europe were planted and grew
we do with sweet bay magnolia? J. Magnolia Soc. 19 24 29 Namkoong, G. 1979 Introduction to quantitative genetics in forestry U.S. Dept. Agr. For. Serv. Tech. Bul. 1588 Nash, L.J. Graves, W.R. 1993 Drought and flood stress effects on plant development
We are grateful to the Lower Saxonian Ministery for Science and Culture for financial support and to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, North Central Regional Plant Introduction Station, Ames, Iowa, for providing
More than 100 transgenic Gladiolus plants were recovered after particle bombardment of regenerable suspension cells and callus. For transformation, Gladiolus callus and suspension cells were co-bombarded with phosphinothricin acetyltransferase-(PAT) and ß- glucuronidase (GUS) -expressing plasmids. Stably transformed calli were selected on medium containing either phosphinothricin (PPT) or bialaphos followed by transfer to a regeneration medium to recover transgenic plants. Stable transformation was confirmed by detection of the PAT gene by DNA gel blot analysis and by enzymatic assays to measure GUS activity. In general, particle bombardment of regenerable suspension cells rather than callus resulted in the largest number of transformants. The rate of co-expression for GUS in PPT-resistant plants was high (≈ 70%). Promoters that are typically more efficient in dicotyledonous plants were very active in Gladiolus, a monocotyledonous bulb plant. Establishment of an efficient transformation protocol for Gladiolus will now allow the introduction of transgenes to confer resistance to the viral and fungal pathogens that decrease Gladiolus production.
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to compare the novel surface morphology of `Marina' peach [plant introduction (PI) 133984] to a normal peach (`Contender') and a nectarine (`Sunglo'). Samples were collected before, during, and after anthesis. Compared to `Contender', `Marina' showed different trichome structure, lower trichome density, and delayed initiation of trichomes on the gynoecium. No pubescence was observed on `Sunglo' nectarine at any sampling date. Trichomes were present on the flower bud scales of all three cultivars. Arrangement and structure of trichomes on flower bud scales of `Marina' differed from those on `Contender' and `Sunglo'.
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has been cultivated by asexual propagation since time immemorial. The discovery of male-fertile garlic accessions has opened a venue for genetic studies and improvement through sexual recombination. An S1 family of 84 plants was generated from a single male-fertile heterozygous plant from the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Plant Introduction 540316 and used to identify the first genetic linkages in garlic based on single nucleotide polymorphisms, simple sequence repeats, and randomly amplified polymorphic DNAs. Thirty-seven markers formed nine linkage groups covering 415 centimorgans (cM) with average distance of 15 cM between loci; other 16 loci remained unlinked. A male fertility locus was placed on the map. This first genetic map of garlic is a seminal step toward the genetic improvement of garlic and eventual marker-assisted breeding.
1 To whom reprint requests should be addressed. This research was supported by a Consortium for Plant Biotechnology Research grant. This is journal paper No. 14597 of the Purdue Univ. Agricultural Experimental Station. We thank Jules Janick, Mike