serve to make poultry feather a desirable component for greenhouse substrates. Evans (2004) demonstrated that ground poultry feather fiber could be used to grow several annual bedding plant species successfully when used in peat or bark-based substrates
Container nurseries in Oregon use fresh and aged douglas fir bark (DFB). Although there is no general agreement as to what constitutes fresh, aged, or composted bark, the terms are used frequently in the nursery industry. For clarity, we offer the
, resulting in less pH drift. Despite the importance of CEC in container nutrition and pH buffering, little has been documented on factors affecting CEC of conventional bark-based substrates. Nursery substrates vary by region of the country. In the
Ground pine bark pH ranges from 4.1 to 5.1 before amendment with other components or fertilizers ( Brown and Pokorny, 1975 ; Gillman et al., 1998 ; Wright et al., 1999a , 1999b ). Limestone is traditionally used to raise the pH of pine bark
Surfactants increase wettability of pine bark and may be required in coarse substrates to enhance lateral movement of water and reduce infiltration rate through a container ( Bilderback, 1993 ). Cid-Ballarin et al. (1998) hypothesized that
improving plant growth and reducing labor. Although the primary use of mulches in the horticulture industry is in the landscape, they can serve as herbicide carriers in container production. Oryzalin-treated douglas fir bark increased weed control by a
There has been a considerable amount of interest in alternative substrates for both nursery and greenhouse crop production in recent years. This is due primarily to a decrease in domestic production of pine bark (PB), from which the primary
expansion of southern highbush blueberry acreage targeted for this early market is anticipated ( Strik and Yarborough, 2005 ; U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2007 ; Williamson and Lyrene 2004a ). Pine bark culture is currently the most common method for
The nursery industry is an expanding sector in agriculture that requires intensive use of water and fertilizer to produce salable crops. Many nursery growers rely on bark-based soilless substrates as the primary component of their growing media
Crapemyrtle bark scale [CMBS ( Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae )] is a sap-sucking hemipteran native to some Asian countries ( Kozár et al., 2013 ). Since initially detected and identified in Texas in 2004 ( Merchant et al., 2014 ), the CMBS has