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Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge cv. Paraguayan-22) growing under newly planted peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.] trees severely stunted the trees. Neither supplemental fertilizer nor irrigating with two 3.8-liters·hour-1 emitters per tree eliminated tree stunting emitters were controlled by an automatic tensiometer set to maintain 3 kpa at a depth of 0.5 m under a tree in bahiagrass. Preplant fumigation with ethylene dibromide at 100 liters·ha-1 increased tree growth, but not tree survival. Fenamiphos, a nematicide, applied under the trees each spring and fall at a rate of 11 kg-ha -1 had no positive effect on tree survival, tree growth, or nematode populations. Bahiagrass tended to suppress populations of Meloidogyne spp. under the trees., Meloidogyne spp. were the only nematodes present that had mean populations > 65 per 150 cm3 of soil. Leaf concentrations of several elements differed between trees growing in bahiagrass sod and in. bare ground treated with herbicides. Leaf Ca was low for all treatments in spite of a soil pH near 6.5 and adequate soil Ca. The severe stunting of trees grown in bahiagrass, irrespective of the other treatments, demonstrated that bahiagrass should not be grown under newly planted trees. The low populations of parasitic nematodes in bahiagrass showed that bahiagrass has potential as a preplant biological control of nematodes harmful to peach trees. Chemical name used: ethyl 3-methy1-4-(methylthio) phenyl (1-methylethyl) phosphoramidate (fenamiphos).
Ten genetically diverse peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] seedling rootstocks were studied for 10 years on Fox sand using `Redhaven' as the scion. The purpose of the experiment was to assess the performance of three Harrow Research Station (Ont.) hybrid selections (H7338013, H7338016, and H7338019) and two northern China introductions (`Chui Lum Tao' and `Tzim Pee Tao') against five commercial standards, two of which were selected in Canada (`Harrow Blood' and `Siberian C') and three in the United States (`Bailey', `Halford', and `Lovell'). Rootstock performance was assessed indirectly by measuring or subjectively rating various aspects of scion performance including annual trunk cross-sectional area (TCA); final tree height, spread, and TCA; bloom and fruit set intensity; yield and yield efficiency; canker (Leucostoma spp.) severity; defoliation rate; winter injury; cold hardiness of flower buds and shoot xylem; and tree survival. Rootstock effects on the above measurements and ratings were significant in some years and not in others. Year effects were always large and significant, while rootstock × year interactions were usually small and not significant. In the combined analyses over years, the largest rootstock effects were obtained for bloom, fruit set, and defoliation ratings and for TCA measurements. Three cumulative responses, including marketable yields, yield efficiency, and tree survival, were used for comparing the five experimental rootstocks with the five commercial standards and also for ranking the 10 rootstocks with respect to each other to assess their potential commercial value as peach rootstocks. `Chui Lum Tao', H7338013, and `Bailey' had the most commercial potential for southern Ontario because they typically promoted above average cumulative yield, yield efficiency, and tree survival. `Tzim Pee Tao', `Siberian C', and `Harrow Blood' were less valuable, with low cumulative marketable yields. `Halford' and `Lovell' were the least valuable, with the lowest tree survival (17%). Performance of H7338013 exceeded that of both parents (`Bailey' and `Siberian C'), H7338019 exceeded `Siberian C' but not `Bailey', while performance of H7338016 was inferior to both parents. Wider testing of the experimental rootstocks on different soil types and climatic zones is needed.
. Esmenjaud, D. 2006 The Ma gene from Myrobalan plum ( Prunus cerasifera Ehr.) conferring a complete-spectrum resistance to rootknot nematodes ( Meloidogyne spp.) is a member of a TIR-NBS LRR gene cluster 28th Symp. European Soc. Nematol Blagoevgrad
)], jujube [ Ziziphus jujuba ( Ma et al., 2012 )], almond [ Prunus dulcis ( Dangl et al., 2009 )], and sweet cherry [ Prunus avium ( Lacis et al., 2009 )]. SSR markers were developed previously in peach and used for genetic diversity assessment ( Li et al
Prunus mume belongs to the family Rosaceae, subfamily Prunoideae, and was cultivated in China more than 3000 years ago for its ornamental qualities and its fruit ( Chen, 1996 ). As an early-blooming garden ornamental, mei is widely cultivated in
spp Scientia Hort. 125 569 572 10.1016/j.scienta.2010.04.040 Austin, P.T. Hewett, E.W. Noiton, D. Plumer, J.A. 1998 Self-incompatibility and temperature affect pollen tube growth in ‘Sundrop’ apricot ( Prunus armeniaca L.) J. Hort. Sci. Biotechnol. 73
woody perennial species such as peach [ Prunus persica (L.) Batsch ( Dirlewanger et al., 1998 )], sweet cherry [ Prunus avium L. ( Olmstead et al., 2008 )], or grapevine ( Doligez et al., 2002 ) in which an average of 6.1, nine, and 16 markers per
. Schmidt, H. Albertini, A. 1990 Cherries ( Prunus spp.), p. 110–173. In: Moore, J.N. (ed.). Genetic resources for temperate fruit and nut crops, Intl. Soc. Hort. Sci., Wageningen, The Netherlands Iezzoni, A.F. Andersen, R.L. Schmidt, H. Tao, R. Tobutt, K
economic value because of their small fruit and many thorns thus preventing large-scale cultivation and market development. By contrast, cultivars belonging to spp. mongolica , which occurs naturally in Russia, Mongolia, and other countries, have large
phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in peach grafted on different Prunus spp Biol. Plant. 58 114 120 Polle, A. Otter, T. Seifert, F. 1994 Apoplastic peroxidases and lignification in needles of norway spruce ( Picea abies L) Plant Physiol. 106 53 60 Quiroga