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Twenty open-pollinated families from a virginia pine (Pinus virginiana) seed orchard in South Carolina were planted and managed as Christmas trees at three sites. Retail value and related traits were assessed once the tests reached marketable size (4 years in the field). All traits assessed (except survival) proved to 1) be under a moderate degree of genetic control (family mean heritability = 0.68 for retail value) and 2) have a large range among open-pollinated family means ($11.42/tree to $22.00/tree, retail value) suggesting that they will response well to the traditional tree improvement approach of selection, breeding and testing. The retail value of the best five families tested averaged an increase of $3.47/tree or 20.7% more than the average. At a 6 × 6 ft (1.8 m) spacing [1,210 trees/acre (2,990 trees/ha)], these families would produce an increase in revenue of almost $4,200/acre ($10,387/ha). Much of this increase in value is a result of reducing the cull rate from 14.5% to 8.1%. Survival, height, crown density and straightness of these five families also exceeded the average of the 20 families tested.
seedlings selected with desirable compact and undesirable growth habits evaluated in the field in Dec. 2015 at College Station, TX. The narrow sense heritability (h 2 ) of these traits is relatively low (h 2 = 0.16 to 0.27), whereas the broad sense
root piece, planting date, root piece size, and the effect of ethylene on root piece sizing and rotting. Breeding work has included germplasm screening and an investigation of the heritability of traits associated with root piece planting. This work is
center no larger than 1.5 inches diameter (“functionally single-centered”). Single-centered bulbs are, to some extent, a variety attribute ( Shock et al., 2005a ) and this is a heritable onion trait that allows for the development of varieties with a high
studies could be because different entries were evaluated and only two locations were tested here. Fruit shape (fruit length/fruit diameter at midpoint) has been reported to have high broad-sense heritability (H = 0.97) and relatively low narrow
cultivar, was the only red cultivar with a higher than average firmness rating (3.6) ( Table 7 ). Single centeredness is known to be a heritable trait in onion ( Cramer, 2006 ; Shock et al., 2005 ; Wall et al., 1996 ), so it is not surprising that the
. Shetty, K. 2007 Clonal variation in raspberry fruit phenolics and relevance for diabetes and hypertension management J. Food Biochem. 31 656 679 Connor, A.M. Stephens, M.J. Hall, H.K. Alspach, P.A. 2005a Variation and heritabilities of antioxidant
good fruit quality ( Lammerts van Buren et al., 2011 ). Pimenta et al. (2016) found in evaluating heritability of seven F 1 hybrid pepper varieties that the characteristics under both organic and conventional production systems were highly heritable
.J. Christians, N.E. 2013 Influence of an amino acid complex on the growth of Agrostis stolonifera cv Penncross. Intl. Turfgrass Soc. Res. J. 12 485 489 Lehman, V. Engelke, M. 1991 Heritability estimates of creeping bentgrass root systems grown in flexible
mechanically than dioecious plants ( Hall et al., 2012 ). Sex expression in monoecious hemp is not as well understood as for dioecious plants, but it is believed to be a heritable trait present on the X chromosome or autosomes ( Faux et al., 2014 ). It has also