fertilizer concentrations, is another method that can be used during commercial production to regulate plant growth. Over the past 2 decades, the standard industry fertilization practices that we have observed for petunia ( Petunia × hybrida ) production
). However, higher nitrogen (N) fertilization rates can favor turfgrass canopy growth, resulting in a reduction in the root-to-shoot ratio ( Dunn et al. 1995 ) or overly succulent tissue ( Bell 2011 ; Christians et al. 2016 ), which both contribute to poor
common limiting factor for tomato production in the southeastern United States ( Everett, 1976 ; Locascio et al., 1997 ; Rhoads et al., 1996 ), resulting in significant N use. In Florida, the recommended rate of N fertilization for tomato production is
. Recent attempts have been made to assess the sustainability and crop performance of systems in which different cover crop management and organic fertilization strategies were combined ( Mazzoncini et al., 2011 ; Rizk, 2012 ; Sainju et al., 2000 ; Vidal
Microsprinkler irrigation may result in increased efficiency of N and water application to citrus. However, best management practices (BMPs) have not yet been developed for microsprinkler use, particularly on newly established citrus. Experiments were conducted during 1997-98 in central Arizona to evaluate the effects of N rate and fertigation frequency on `Newhall' navel oranges (Citrus sinensis) planted in Mar. 1997. Two experiments were conducted, each with factorial combinations of N rate (0 to 204 g/tree/year) and fertigation frequency (weekly to three times per year). In one experiment, nonlabeled N fertilizer was used, and in the other 15N-labeled fertilizer was used. Trunk diameter, leaf N, and 15N partitioning in the trees were monitored. During 1997, neither trunk diameter nor leaf N were affected by N rate or fertigation frequency. No more than 6% of N applied was found in the trees. During 1998, leaf N in fertilized plots was significantly higher than in nonfertilized plots, but leaf N in all trees remained above the critical N concentration of 25 mg·g-1. During 1998, no more than 25% of the fertilizer N applied was taken up by the trees. Results suggest that N applications are not needed during the first growing season after planting for microsprinkler-irrigated citrus in Arizona. Only low rates of N (≤68 g/tree/yr) may be needed during the second growing season to maintain adequate tree N reserves.
Foliar fertilization is an important agricultural practice for sustainable management and is used to help increase the yield of annual crops such as cowpea ( Fernández et al., 2013 ). This technique is used to correct nutritional deficiencies
fertilization concentrations to beneficially enhance pigmentation of ornamental species. Although anthocyanins are the most common red pigment found in plants, betalains are a class of tyrosine-derived pigments that also provide red coloration ( Lev-Yadun and
reduction in HLB-affected trees, thereby improving the productivity of HLB-affected sweet orange. Recently, in addition to enhanced fertilization, soil acidification for HLB-affected trees has become recommended. Irrigated Florida soil has a high pH due to
availability to the plants depends more on the amount of nutrients in the growing medium than on the amount of nutrients in the fertilizer solution. Traditionally, recommendations for fertilization of bedding plants have focused on which concentration of
Multiple branched liners of Ilex vomitoria were greenhouse-grown in 3-liter containers with a common nursery medium. Each plant was fertilized with 2.5 g N surface-applied as Osmocote (18N-2.6P-10K) and irrigated with 460 ml water twice a week or fertilized with a total of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.5 g N from a nutrient solution (6N-1P-3K) and irrigated with 460 ml water twice a week or evapotranspiration (ET) plus 10%, 30%, or 50%. Nutrient solution treatments were divided equally among 26 weekly applications. Shoot dry weights (22 and 25 or 26 and 25 g, respectively) for plants irrigated with ET plus 30% or 50% and receiving 1.5 g or 2.5 g of N were not different and these treatments had larger shoot dry weights (13 and 14 g, respectively) than plants fertilized with 0.5 g of N. Shoot dry weights were similar for plants irrigated with 460 ml water twice a week and fertilized with 2.5 g of N from the nutrient solution or Osmocote. Shoot dry weights of plants irrigated with ET plus 30% or 50% were similar to plants irrigated with 460 ml water twice a week when plants received 1.0, 1.5, or 2.5 g of N.