concentrations. Debris, algae, and detached roots were removed from the reservoir to minimize impact on solution pH. Acclimation lasted 21 d in both experiments. Plant fresh weight (FW) was measured nondestructively at the end of acclimation. All experiments were
on waterproof trays and scanned using a specialized Dual Scan optical scanner (Regent Instruments Inc., Quebec, Canada). The acquisition and image analysis software was WinRHIZO Pro (Version 2009c; Regent Instruments Inc.). Debris removal among
Texas wild rice was noted by Emery in the 1960s. Emery (1967) cited several factors thought to have probable effect on the rapid decline of TWR in the upper portion of the San Marcos River, including river bottom dredging, floating vegetative debris
dpi; image size ≈18 MB), whereas analysis precision was set to “high.” The acquisition and image analysis software was WinRHIZO Pro (Version 2009c; Regent Instruments Inc.). Debris removal among scanned images was performed manually using the WinRhizo
reduces solid waste production and the subsequent need for disposal. Alternative components include various composted materials ( Carlile, 2008 ; Corti et al., 1998 ) using feedstocks such as yard debris and pruning waste, animal manures, biosolids
living mulch establishment. One month after living mulch seeding, strip-till zones were created in the center of each plot at a width of 9 inches using a rototiller (FG110; Honda, Torrance, CA). Strip-till zones were raked to remove debris and ensure a
miscounted cellular debris. Counts were not conducted on lateral flowers within a cluster as a result of the high numbers of flowers of that type containing degenerated ovules. Fig. 3. Methods used to assess the number of ovules in individual pomegranate
completed in all plots in the spring of 1997, 1998, and 2001 to encourage new growth of perennial cover crops. Treatments were ended in Spring 2005 by prescribed burning surface plant debris to remove cover crop thatch for ease of tilling 15 cm into the soil
, thermic Typic Kanhapludults) with pH 5.9 and 2% organic matter in September of both years. Fields were scalped with a rotary mower, debris was removed, and soil was sliced in two directions at 1-cm depth. ‘Penn A-4’ creeping bentgrass, ‘Manhattan V
-nozzle (Teejet 8002 flat fan spray nozzle; Spraying Systems Co.) CO 2 -pressured sprayer calibrated to deliver 280 L·ha −1 . Turfgrass seeding and maintenance. On the day of seeding, the field was scalped to 3.8 cm with a rotary mower, debris was removed, and the