$14 billion in 2004. Numerous time-series studies of hospital admissions and emergency visits have suggested a connection between particulate air pollution and asthma attacks ( Dockery and Pope, 1996 ). Pollutants including sulfur dioxide, ozone, acid
fermentations in each year). Fruit was destemmed, crushed, and treated with 50 mg·L −1 sulfur dioxide added as potassium metabisulfite. Diammonium phosphate [DAP (Presque Isle Wine Cellars, PA)] was added at a rate of 1 g·kg −1 , Fermaid K (Lallemand, Rexdale
stored from 1 to 5 °C with 85% to 95% relative humidity (RH) ( Lutz, 1938 ; Silva et al., 1994 ; Takeda et al., 1983 ; Walker et al., 2001 ). The use of sulfur dioxide storage treatment on the quality of bunch grapes is cultivar-specific and with
of the rachis, and fungal rot ( Meng et al., 2008 ; Rosales et al., 2016 ). The use of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) is a common method for mitigating fungal decay of tables grapes in storage ( Ahmed et al., 2018 ; Jia et al., 2020 ). The SO 2 is commonly
solid material that were induced by the oxidative conditions. Addition of agents such as ascorbic acid and sulfur dioxide can act to counter these compositional changes ( Shahidi and Naczk, 1995 ). An optimum concentration of phenolics in cider apple
‘alternative’ materials to sulfur and synthetic fungicides for control of grapevine powdery mildew in a warm climate region of Australia Austral. Plant Pathol. 40 20 27 Shertz, R.D. Kender, W.J. Musselman, R.C. 1980 Effects of ozone and sulfur dioxide on
representation of the samples. Boxes were promptly delivered to the Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center in Parlier, CA, for cold storage. The fruit were stored at ≈32 °F and 80% RH for 33 d in 2011 and for 30 d in 2012. Sulfur dioxide generator
packaging) or by chemical treatments such as sulfur dioxide followed by immersion of fruit in 1 n hydrochloric acid (HCl) for 2 min ( Underhill et al., 2001 ). There are about 70 known cultivars of lychee, but only a few have been studied or extensively
residues in the aril, and the size, weight, exocarp color, fruit pole strength, fruit volume, total soluble sugars, and sulfur dioxide residues from postharvest treatment are unaffected ( Kanaree and Pankasemsuk, 2005a , 2005b ). Originally discovered as
toxicological impact. Acidification potential refers to the ability of certain substances to buildup and release hydrogen ions, thus acidifying that environment. For example, air pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and N 2 O interact with water to form acids and