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Persian (english) walnut ( Juglans regia L.) orchards can incur serious economic loss from attack by several soilborne pathogens, including Agrobacterium tumefaciens Smith and Townsend (causal agent of crown gall disease), Armillaria mellea

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has received minimal attention in ornamental species, repeated isolations of this fungus from dogwood roots and the crown region in field plantings suggest a need to evaluate its impact on flowering dogwood seedlings. Common cultural practices used in

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measured included overall berry quality, soluble solids content (°Bx), a U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) strawberry fruit grade rating, fruit marketability, total yield, individual fruit size, fruit number, crown number, vegetative biomass, and stolon

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Asparagus offcinalis L. `Mary Washington' seedlings inoculated with Glomus fasciculatum (Thaxter) Gerd. and Trappe emend. Walker and Koske showed increased growth after 9 weeks, compared with noninoculated plants. Phosphorus supplementation (25 g·m-3) increased seedling growth of inoculated and noninoculated plants throughout the 26 weeks of the experiment. However, after 9 weeks, there were no differences in growth of inoculated, non-P-supplemented plants and noninoculated, P-supplemented plants. Fern height, fern and crown weight, and bud numbers correlated positively to the percentage of G. fasciculatum root infection.

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Four planting depths and two time intervals (1 or 2 years) between transplanting and initial year of harvest of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) yield were compared for 4 years. Spear emergence and initial spring harvest date were delayed and susceptibility to spring frost injury was decreased with increasing planting depth (from 5.0 to 20.0 cm). Over years, crown depth increased for the shallowest planting and decreased for the deepest planting. Harvesting after 1 year vs. 2 years from planting reduced yield. There were no significant interactions between year of initial harvest and depth of planting.

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Benzylaminopurine and chlorflurenol were applied to 2-1 nursery stock of Scots pine and ponderosa pine and 2-0 nursery stock Colorado blue spruce and Black Hills spruce to determine if crown morphology was influenced by varying combinations of the two plant growth regulators. Four levels of benzylaminopurine, 0, 250, 750 and 1250 ppm, and two chlorflurenol levels, 0 and 1% (v/v) were tested. Morphological response to treatments was significantly enhanced when treatments were applied to open, elongating buds. Benzylaminopurine significantly increased bud and shoot formation, while chlorflurenol significantly reduced height and increased branch length at species dependent concentrations. The two plant growth regulators lacked positive synergistic effects.

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or microsprinklers, which results in increased soil water content near the plant crown ( Bryla and Linderman, 2007 ). Whereas most blueberry fields were historically irrigated by sprinklers, many are now irrigated by drip because of concerns for food

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The inflorescences of date palm ( Phoenix dactylifera ) develop within the crown of the tree, at the base of the leaves, from meristems located as deep as 1 m within the upper part of the trunk ( Tomlinson, 1990 ; Zaid and De Wet, 1999 ). Each

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. Radicis-lycopersici (crown rot), most common species of plant-parasitic nematodes, and Pyrenochaeta lycopersici (corky root). Grafting took place from 22 to 25 Jan. Plants were transplanted into 15-L pots (h = 23 cm, w = 31 cm at the top) (one plant per

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A method was developed to improve the yield and quality of chicons of witloof chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) forced hydroponically from roots taken following long-term storage. The method combines the use of a resilient material (polyurethane foam) with the application of pressure to the developing chicons. At the start of forcing, weights of 0, 150, 300, 450, and 900 g/root were applied to the crown and maintained until harvest. Marketable yields and density of chicons of the late-forcing cultivar Faro increased with increasing weight applied. Increasing weight also significantly decreased the length: diameter ratio of chicons, an indicator of quality. Increased marketable yield and improved quality of `Bea' (intermediate to late-forcing cultivar) chicons were achieved with application of 450 g/root. The technique provides a tool for improving economic yields of late-season, hydroponically forced witloof chicory.

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