, and by visual inspection of the chromatogram using Finch TV (Geospiza, Seattle, WA). Phylogenetic analysis. Following alignment of sequences, consensus sequences for each isolate were produced at 678 bp. To understand the associations and similarity of
were removed from treatment solutions at regular time intervals, inspected for macroscopically visible cracks (by the naked eye) and the noncracked fruit returned to the incubation solution. Visual inspection detects cracks that extend into the flesh
. These included determining sprinkler system precipitation rates and DU, which measures the evenness of applied water across the site; irrigation scheduling; regular site-inspections to check for equipment failure, head misalignment, pressure
other insects that do not include the pupa and adult stages of Lepidoptera [USDA–Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service–Plant Protection and Quarantine ( USDA APHIS PPQ), 2013 ]. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) allows a maximum of 1.0-kGy
). For cherries, the visual characteristics of the fruit and stem and absence of defects and injuries are key visual indices of freshness ( Drake et al., 1989 ). However, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) uses firmness along with other
, the volume injected into the fruit was read from the syringe. Cracking was assessed by visual inspection. Preliminary experiments established that it was technically impossible to perfuse sweet cherry fruit through the vascular system of the pedicel
-placenta fruit traits were investigated in 2015. Data of wave seed and tight-placenta fruit traits were categorized as nonmetric data. Single-melon seeds were classified by visual inspection as wave seeds or glossy seeds. The surface of the wave seed is wrinkled
used to determine the percentage of damaged leaves. Upon visual inspection of the sampled leaves, H 2 O 2 damage was consistent across the affected crops and fell into five distinct categories. The damage categories are outlined in Table 1 . Each of
demonstrated that the spread of P. ramorum was associated with the movement of nursery stock, and control efforts were established by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Animal Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). These efforts focused on surveying
10% weight/volume at 74 to 76 °F (Thornton Laboratories Testing and Inspection Services, Tampa, FL), which estimated the release rate of the polymer-coated ammonium sulfate was 3.8 to 4.5 weeks. In 2009, production of the polymer-coated ammonium