over grass under the same experimental conditions ( Gill, 1983 ). These observations are relevant to horticultural applications where the surface could be a natural or plastic mulch of relatively high albedo. In the present study, shields with open
a waterwheel planter on 29 May 2009 and 14 June 2010. Plants were set into 4 to 5-inch-tall raised beds covered with 1-mil embossed black plastic mulch with a single line of drip irrigation tubing [12-inch emitter spacing, 0.45 gal/min per 100 ft
. (2008) reported significantly increased yields in zucchini squash ( C. pepo var. cylindrica ) resulting from improved nitrogen use efficiency with drip tubing placed 15 cm below the surface of a plastic mulch beds. Placing SDI at depths of 20 cm has
vegetation HortTechnology 19 346 352 Blanke, M. 2008 Alternatives to reflective mulch cloth (Extenday TM ) for apple under hail net? Sci. Hort. 116 223 226 Camelo, L. Gomez, P. 2004 Comparison of color indexes for tomato ripening Horticultura Brasileira
( Florida Automated Weather Network, 2018 ). During the 2015–16 season, air temperature was measured during plant establishment at three locations: on top of the plastic bed, between the plastic–mulch and the soil, and 4 inches deep in the soil. Air
effect of reflective plastic mulch combined with chemical treatments for management of whitefly on WVD development during fall growing periods of 2006 and 2007. The chemical treatment consisted of drenching the plants with Admire (Imidacloprid) at
practices for the region: on raised beds with black plastic mulch and drip irrigation. Rows of plastic had 1.8-m spacing and plants situated on double rows on plastic with 30.5 cm in-row spacing and 45.7 cm between rows on a single bed of plastic. Preplant
.S. Adkins, S.T. Turechek, W.W. Roberts, P.D. 2008 Use of reflective plastic mulch and insecticide sprays to manage viral watermelon vine decline in Florida, 2007 Plant Disease Management Reports. 2 V169 Levi, A. Thomas, C.E. Joobeur, T. Zhang, X. Davis, A
), thermic Typic Udifluvent]. No plastic mulches were used. Weeds were controlled with a broadcast preplant-incorporated application of trifluralin (Treflan; Helena Chemical Co., Collierville, TN) at 560 g·ha −1 supplemented by hoeing and machine cultivation
The commercial greenhouse and nursery industries often produce crops in plastic containers of varying sizes and shapes depending on the crop and target market ( Evans and Hensley, 2004 ). Plastic containers serve the role of consumer packaging