yields may occur under greenhouse conditions than field systems because plants can be arranged more uniformly, avoiding large gaps between plants and rows while simultaneously optimizing light interception. Soilless culture and vertical plant growth
density and year-round production attainable with CEA optimize space use and can help overcome challenges associated with costs and availability of land in urban settings. Moreover, soilless culture systems allow plants to grow in nonconventional spaces
, 2 to 4, and 4 to 8 mm. The use of 0 to 4-mm tuff resulted in optimal and consistent flower quality, and holds promise for improving growth and flower quality of lilies grown under soilless culture. School Garden Utilization and Sustainability
.T. Urrestarazu, M. 2014 Effect of controlling the leaching fraction on the fertigation and production of a tomato crop under soilless culture Sci. Hort. 179 153 157 Sonneveld, C. Straver, N. 1994 Voedingsoplossingen voor groenten en bloemen geteeld in water of
anion contributing to crop growth ( Marschner, 2002 ), but also one of the major contributors to horticulture-related pollution through leaching, particularly in areas where crops are grown in soilless culture with nonrecirculating nutrient solution
fertigation system modified from a soilless culture system ( Higashide et al., 2005 ) was used in Greenhouse A, where plants were grown in soil. A soilless culture system was used in Greenhouse B, where polyethylene bags filled with bark compost were used as
guide for simple soilless culture techniques. European Vegetable Res. Dev. Centre, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium Bolt, G.H. Bruggenwert, M.G.M. 1978 Soil chemistry. A. Basic elements. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Castilla, N. Hernandez, J. 2006
, including Sonneveld and Straver (1994) , consider it a part of the basic nutrient solutions used for cucumber, melon, and lettuce plants, especially in soilless culture. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of adding Si to the nutrient solution
Waste as a Growing Medium Peat is commonly used as growing media in soilless culture; however, decreasing availability and increasing prices of peat have resulted in the need for inexpensive organic alternatives. Zhang and Sun (p. 325) investigated the
hydroponics, fertigation, and soilless culture, which result in the improvement of cult flower characteristics ( Chae, 2008 ; Tribulato and Noto, 2000 ). Twenty-five of survey participants in Gangwon Province cultivated cut lilies in open fields. The main