cellular dehydration, loss of turgor pressure, and ion toxicity ( Bartels and Sunkar, 2005 ). Plants’ protective responses to water deficiency can include stomatal closure to reduce transpiration ( Sharp and Davies, 1989 ), leaf rolling/orientation to
was a response to water deficit, especially in cultivar Bachue in the vegetative stage. The reduction in the leaf thickness under water deficit conditions may be due to the loss of turgor in cells caused by a decrease in the plant water potential. This
plants on 25 Mar. and did not irrigate until the automated irrigation began on 1 Apr. When treatments began on 1 Apr. 2016, the number of leaves, leaf span, and length and width of the uppermost fully expanded leaf were 8.0 ± 1.2 (mean ± sd , n = 4
producing smaller leaves to lower water loss through transpiration from plants ( Nemali et al., 2015 ; Tardieu et al., 2014 ) and abscission of older leaves. A lower leaf area can reduce photosynthesis on the whole-plant scale and overall carbon gain in
by plants that have passed the leaf water potential at turgor loss point. Leaf turgor loss point has been used to quantify plant drought tolerance levels ( Bartlett et al., 2012 ), whereas visual assessment of wilting is commonly used as a measure of
water stress reduced their leaf water potential close to the point of turgor loss through osmotic adjustment to reduce water consumption and to survive throughout the dry down period. Conclusions A specific irrigation threshold was determined to secure
leaf dry mass, nutrient content, and concentration in northern red oak seedlings fertilized at 3.6 g nitrogen (N)/plant or unfertilized (control). Corresponding value at each point indicates seasonal dose rate applied (milligrams N/plant). The type of
, especially nitrogen, and for pest and disease control ( Luo et al., 1993 ). However, vegetables, especially leaf vegetables, grown in hydroponics can accumulate high levels of nitrate and other harmful substances; e.g., oxalic acid ( Chen et al., 2014
sensitivity of Pelargonium hortorum cuttings to ethylene and reduced the degradation of chlorophyll and leaf senescence after shipping ( Rapaka et al., 2008 ). Pelargonium cuttings maintained higher carbohydrates at 10 than 20 °C, which may contribute to
less water stress during midday sampling in 2010. The –40 kPa treatment irrigated at a much greater frequency (44 events) than all others in 2010 ( Table 1 ). Leaf RWC, which measures water in leaves relative to a state of full turgor, may remain stable