Yellow and zucchini squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) cultigens (breeding lines and cultivars) were evaluated over a 2-year (1995 and 1996) period in North Carolina. Yellow squash cultigens that performed well (based on total marketable yields) were `Destiny III', `Freedom III', `Multipik', XPHT 1815, and `Liberator III' in Fall 1995 and HMX 4716, `Superpik', PSX 391, `Monet', `Dixie', XPH 1780, and `Picasso' in Spring 1996. Some of the yellow squash cultigens evaluated had superior viral resistance: XPHT 1815, XPHT 1817, `Freedom III', `Destiny III', `Freedom II', TW 941121, `Prelude II', and `Liberator III' in Fall 1995 and XPHT 1815, `Liberator III', `Prelude II', and `Destiny III' in Fall 1996; all these cultigens were transgenic. The yellow squash cultigens that performed well (based on total marketable yields) in the Fall 1995 test had transgenic virus resistance (`Destiny III', `Freedom III', XPHT 1815, and `Liberator III') or had the Py gene present in its genetic background (`Multipik'). Based on total marketable yields, the best zucchini cultigens were XPHT 1800, `Tigress', XPHT 1814, `Dividend' (ZS 19), `Elite', and `Noblesse' in Fall 1995; and `Leonardo', `Tigress', `Hurricane', `Elite', and `Noblesse' in Spring 1996. The zucchini cultigens with virus resistance were TW 940966, XPHT 1814, and XPHT 1800 in Fall 1995 and XPHT 1800, XPHT 1776, XPHT 1777, XPHT 1814, and XPHT 1784 in Fall 1996. Even though TW 940966 had a high level of resistance in the Fall 1995 test, it was not as high yielding as some of the more susceptible lines. Viruses detected in the field were papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) and watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) for Fall 1995; while PRSV, zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), and WMV were detected for Fall 1996. Summer squash cultigens transgenic for WMV and ZYMV have potential to improve yield, especially during the fall when viruses are more prevalent. Most transgenic cultigens do not possess resistance to PRSV, except XPHT 1815 and XPHT 1817. Papaya ringspot virus was present in the squash tests during the fall of both years. Thus, PRSV resistance must be transferred to the transgenic cultigens before summer squash can be grown during the fall season without the risk of yield loss due to viruses.
most of the trees were destroyed by the 155-mph winds brought by Hurricane Maria on 20 Sept. 2017. Until that date, fertilization was provided every 3 months using a 15N–2.2P–16.3K–1.8Mg commercial mixture at a rate of 240 lb/acre. Irrigation was
hurricane damage to citrus trees Tree canopy volume loss measurement after hurricanes may be valuable for crop insurance and fruit yield estimation, but visual estimation of tree damage is laborious, time consuming, and difficult to quantify. Zaman et al
increased foreign competition, adverse weather conditions (such as drought), natural disasters (such as hurricanes), and outbreaks of pests and diseases ( Roy et al., 1996 ; Spreen, 2000 ; C. Wheeling, personal communication). A devastating natural disaster
ornamental qualities during winter and spring. According to the flower morphology and flowering time, they are known as spider lilies, hurricane lilies, and surprise lilies in English ( Knox 2006 ). Lycoris flowers are colorful, with several main colors
Lycoris is a perennial bulbous flower belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family, which is commonly known as surprise lily, hurricane lily, or spider lily due to its distinctive flowering characteristics. They bloom from summer to early fall when
the moist, wooded slopes of eastern China ( Hsu et al., 1994 ; Ji and Meerow, 2000 ). Because of the special flower shape and flowering biological habit, in English they have common names such as Spider Lily, Surprise Lily, Hurricane Lily, and Magic
, after Hurricane Andrew, outbreaks of stem borer damage occurred in Florida, which further decreased the health of trees damaged during the hurricane ( Armentano et al., 1995 ; Platt et al., 2002 ). Case studies showing how damage by an insect pest leads
1 and year 2, which may have contributed to some of the differences observed between the two years. Hurricane Ian also made landfall as a category 4 (Florida Automated Weather Network 2023; National Hurricane Center 2023) in late Sep 2022. This
Severe weather events frequently have devastating impacts on perennial tree crops. Pecan orchards and groves are particularly susceptible to damage from tornadoes ( Sparks and Payne, 1985 ), hurricanes ( Hagler et al., 1980 ; Kilby and Converse