in five substrate mixes containing various ratios of mostly peat, composted bark, or both for over a year when used in a 5-L container, whereas growing Prunus × cisterna (Hansen) Koehne despite decreases in total porosity and air-filled porosity
grown on the CC substrate showed higher total marketable yield than those grown on RH ( Fig. 3 ) during the 2006 and 2007 seasons, but not in 2005. Substrate studies show different “air-filled porosity”; thus, for CC, Lemaire et al. (1998) found values
often better physical properties (e.g., higher air-filled porosity or water-holding capacity) depending on their substance, are well drained, and free from microorganisms and seeds. Substrates usually provide relatively low nutrient-holding capacity and
air-filled porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity compared with coarse or coarse-medium sand ( Murphy et al., 2001 ). Table 1. Particle size distribution of sands used for topdressing an annual bluegrass turf mowed at 2.8 mm in North Brunswick
containing a mixture of peatmoss and perlite (1:1, by volume). Screens placed at the bottom of the pots retained the growing substrate. Air-filled porosity of the growing substrate was 28%, and water-holding capacity was 37% as determined by procedures of
. After 9 weeks, the 347.5-cm 3 cores were extracted and total porosity, container capacity (CC), AW, and air-filled porosity were determined using the NCSU Porometer as described by Fonteno and Bilderback (1993) . Unavailable water, held in the
boxwood and 1.6 d in deutzia. This contrasts with the daily irrigation event that occurs with DWU. A set point-based irrigation can allow optimization of both air-filled porosity and water potential of the substrate, maximizing plant growth ( Welsh and
organic substrates, on average, had 85.2% and 85.0% total porosity, 21.6% and 35.9% air-filled porosity, 63.6% and 49.1% water-holding capacity, and 0.19 and 0.097 g·cm –3 bulk density, as analyzed using the North Carolina State University porometer
. 1989 Developments in the measurement of air filled porosity of peat substrates Acta Hort. 238 37 44 Carter, M. 1993 Soil sampling and methods of analysis CRC Press LLC Boca Raton, FL Chong, C
found to reduce bulk density and increase air-filled porosity in substrates for turfgrass growth ( Nektarios et al., 2003a ), in potted plants ( Chan and Joyce, 2007 ; Nguyen et al., 2009 ), and in green roof substrates ( Nektarios et al., 2003b ). In