period is very long. Therefore, the M. sprengeri has low seed vigor and long germination time as well as long seedling emergence time under natural environment. Improvement of the seed germination rate and seedling establishment can be helpful to
of root hairs ( Kamula et al., 1994 ) leads to inefficient nutrient uptake, which may result in nutrient deficiencies ( Sullivan et al., 2001 ). Improving seed germination and root architecture may help to overcome nutrient and water limitations and
pollinated with pollen from tetraploid V. stamineum. The number of plump seeds per pollinated flower was determined. Results Field nursery evaluations of F 1 , F 2 , and BC 1 seedling populations. Vigor of BC 1 seedlings on 14 Oct. 2016, after 149 d in
orange ( Citrus aurantium L.) to determine the effect of different concentrations of Cr on seed germination, seedling growth, and antioxidant enzymes. Materials and Methods Plant materials and growth conditions Sour orange seeds were acquired locally
germination rate and stimulates seedling vigor of these grains ( Modi, 2002 ; Paasonen et al. 2003 ). In other studies, smoke-treated seeds of some vegetable crops such as lettuce ( Drewes et al., 1995 ) and celery ( Thomas and Van Staden, 1995 ) have also
Maturity at harvest determines seed viability and vigor. However, separating seeds from different stages of development can be difficult using existing seed sorting technologies. New technology non-destructively sorts seeds based on their chlorophyll fluorescence (CF), so seeds with the same dry weight but with different physiological maturates can be separated. We determined whether chlorophyll content of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Top Mark) seeds changes during development and whether those changes were related to viability and vigor. Seed viability and vigor were determined using an Association of Official Seed Analysts wet paper towel germination test. `Top Mark' seeds from nine stages of development were run through the SeedMaster Analyzer (Satake USA Inc., Houston, Texas), which calculated the chlorophyll content of each seed. The CF signal was fed into a computer to obtain a frequency histogram. Forty, 45, and 55 days after anthesis (DAA) seeds had germination percentages of 96%, 98%, and 100%, respectively, the highest in the study. Fifty-five DAA had greater seed vigor and viability and contained the lowest CF values; 207 on the 1000-value scale. The less-mature seeds contained higher chlorophyll content and had the lowest seed vigor and viability. Seed vigor and chlorophyll content were negatively correlated in this study. All seeds with high CF values had low vigor, but not all seeds with low CF values have high vigor. Seed aging during storage can reduce viability and vigor independent of chlorophyll content. Based on chlorophyll content, the SeedMaster Analyzer can non-destructively remove immature, low-vigor seeds that have the same physical characteristics and weight as more mature seeds. Chlorophyll fluorescence technology may allow the seed industry to further improve seed quality and maximize vigor.
), and Acer ( Wangen and Webster, 2006 ). The elimination or reduction of seeds, especially in taxa with heavy seed production, has been a primary goal for ornamental plant breeders. Even in taxa that do not pose an immediate risk to native forests
ground and rapidly form a dense mat, and sexually by seed ( Eck, 1990 ). Seeds are produced through outcrossing by native pollinators or European honeybee ( Apis mellifera L.), or through self-pollination ( Marucci and Filmer, 1964 ; Sarracino and Vorsa
, whereas ‘Peruque’ and ‘Shoshoni’ were most affected. Table 3. Mean resistance to salt injury ratings of pecan rootstocks from seven seed source cultivars on all observation dates. z Vigor ratings reflect general observable plant health and growth
compare priming techniques for emergence and vigor of parsley’s seedlings, providing an optimal priming strategy for parsley seedling production. Material and methods Imbibition curve of parsley seeds. The first step of this study was to