rarely exhibits deficiencies of any nutrient element in the landscape. Because responses to fertilization appear to vary greatly among species and in different soils and environments, it is important to study the growth responses of individual species
( Bryson et al., 2014 ), deficiency symptoms were absent. This may suggest that current published tissue ranges are more restrictive than required. Alternatively, these species may, in fact, have deficient nutrient concentrations, and the lack of visible
approached the lowest critical level for tomato (3 mg·g −1 dry weight according to Mills and Jones, 1996 ). These data indicate that, to avoid Mg deficiency, the level of Mg as well as the Mg:K and Mg:Ca ratios in nutrient solutions supplied to tomato
garlic fields is shown in Fig. 3 . Soil-available Ca, Mg, and Cu in garlic fields all exceeded the minimum standard. Nutrient deficiencies in N, P, K, Zn, and B were found in less than 10% of the fields, especially P (0.2%) and Zn (0.6%). Deficiencies in
symptoms of nutrient deficiencies and the overall plant size and fullness of foliage). Plants that were visually appealing with full foliage and big size were rated 1. Plants that were visually not appealing or were thin or small and showed symptoms of
nutrient uptake pattern Plant Soil 113 2 155 160 Hoffland, E. Wei, C.Z. Wissuwa, M. 2006 Organic anion exudation by lowland rice ( Oryza sativa L.) at zinc and phosphorus deficiency Plant Soil 283 1-2 155 162 Ikka, T. Ogawa, T. Li, D. Hiradate, S. Morita
into accurate N-specific recommendations ( Scharf et al., 2002 ). The research on the potential of using remote sensing techniques to detect K and other nutrient deficiencies is much more limited. The visual symptoms for K deficiencies in olive trees
Reuse of solution after it has once been used to water plants can prevent groundwater pollution from the use of fertilizer in intensive agricultural production. The smaller the volume of nutrient solution discarded, the less likelihood of excess
deficiency symptoms were observed during the study. Substrate pH from spirea fertilized with Osmocote was not correlated with the status of any nutrient for any CRF rate throughout the 2015 growing season. Growing environment. The growing substrate volumetric
, 1987 ). In conditions of mineral deficiency, some nutrients may be translocated from the mature leaves and fruits to the younger leaves ( Ho et al., 1993 ). However, a suboptimal concentration of nutrients in the mature leaves can be considered less