Green pods of the C. reginae orchid were collected from a bog near Ithaca, NY. Pods were surface sterilized, and seeds were plated on agar media. The 8 germination treatments were arrange in a complete 3 way factorial consisting of 2 basal media (fish emulsion, FE vs. yeast extract, YE), 2 media pHs (4.8, 6.8), and 2 temperature regimes (constant 24 C vs. 6 wks. at 5 C prior to transfer to 24 C). Sequential stages of development included embryo enlargement and rupture of the testa (l), root elongation (2), leaf primordium development (3) and finally rhizoid development with or without protocorm greening (4). After 4 months post sowing, germination (stage 1 or beyond) was 56% and 0% on FE at pH 4.8 and 6.8 respectively, and 45% and 78% on YE at pH 4.8 and 6.8 respectively. Protocorm development from unchilled seeds after 4 months was greatest on YE at the lower pH, with 14% reaching stage 3 or 4, as contrasted to only 5% reaching stage 2 (none beyond), for the other germinated treatments. Chilled seeds had higher germination for all treatments but no development beyond stage 1 at 4 months post sowing.
. paniculata and there are no published reports as to the relative effectiveness of this mutagen in these species. In addition, nothing is known about the effects of EMS on the viability, dormancy, or germination of Hydrangea seeds. We performed a series of
. latifolia and I. rotunda were sown on wet filter paper at 15 °C and then transferred to a greenhouse, they did not germinate even one year after sowing. When embryos were cultured in vitro, all I. latifolia embryos germinated by 18.9 ± 1.1 d after
germination to embryo size in peach ( Chaparro and Sherman, 1994 ), apricot ( Burgos and Ledbetter, 1993 ), or interspecific peach hybrids ( Liu et al., 2007 ). Fruit breeding programs specifically use in vitro embryo culture because fruit tree breeding is a
− )] known to be requisite for a degree of in vitro pollen grain germination and subsequent germ tube growth. Findings from other species are suggestive that other important growth promoting or inhibiting chemicals, such as flavonols, are also present under
of symbiotic seed germination ( Dixon, 1987 ; Ramsay and Dixon, 2003 ) was used to prompt seed germination and development in vitro. Briefly, seeds were removed from cold storage, surface sterilized in a vial containing a solution of 5 mL 6.00% NaOCl
. polium has low seed germination ( Nadjafi et al., 2006 ). The latter, being an endangered species in many countries of the Middle East, where it is widely used in traditional medicine, has been studied as for its possibility for in vitro propagation from
factors governing dormancy and germination in sugar pine. Ultimately, the objective of this study was to develop a reliable and rapid in vitro germination protocol in sugar pine. To achieve this goal, we sought to 1) examine seed morphology and structure
is likely due to low hydraulic conductivity and wetted seed contact area in the soil ( Hadas and Russo, 1974 ). The potential for in vitro screening methods to improve germination under water stress has been demonstrated. Two cycles of phenotypic
Dec. 2010 from three Union County, SC, sites (SC5, SC7, SC8), stored at 22 to 25 °C, and used during winter and Spring 2011. Georgia aster seed sterilization and germination in vitro and after storage Preliminary experiments with small numbers of 2009