accumulation breaking and stripping flowers from the plant, and water restrictions due to regulatory requirements or physical limitations of the irrigation system ( Perry, 1998 ; Poling, 2008 ; Snyder and Melo-Abreu, 2005 ). Given these constraints, growers
production budget for wine-grape vineyards in midwestern United States and examines the effect of introducing mechanization on total costs and economic feasibility metrics. It takes a cost–benefit analysis approach to factor in alternative investments in
, conducting local trials is critical for optimizing cut-flower production under regional constraints ( Ortiz et al. 2012 ; Wein 2009 ). Herbaceous peonies are particularly adapted to areas with extreme winters and short growing seasons ( Walton et al. 2007
developed countries are under increasing pressure to maintain profitability within new environmental constraints, such as the European Union (EU) nitrates directive 91/676/EEC ( EU, 1991 ), the EU water framework directive 2000/60/EC ( 1991 ), and the recent
useful to university administrators and turfgrass industry representatives to evaluate material adn budget allocations. ADAPTABLE PROGRAM AVAILABLE FOR TRACKING OF PEDIGREES Lineage tracking remains an important part of the plant sciences; however
of horticulture as an academic pursuit as well as what types of courses should be required of undergraduate horticulture students ( Darnell, 2005 ). Furthermore, shrinking budgets, departmental reorganization and consolidation, and adjustments to
practicality of leaching is dependent on the type of salts, soil texture, water source, and the budget of management because leaching requires good-quality water, sufficient drainage, and repeated operations ( Carrow and Duncan, 1998 ). Fertilization can also
, higher education in Myanmar has fallen far behind modern standards and universities have been in various states of disrepair and disarray. However, the Ministry of Education has increased the national budget for education by 107% since 2012 and, in
tolerates temperatures ranging from 12 to 40 °C. Stem and collar rots caused by Xanthomonas campestris are a major production constraint in Malaysia ( Zainudin and Hafiz, 2010 ). U.S. commercial production of dragon fruit occurs mainly in Florida, southern
Stations (SAES) series extracted from CRIS data tapes and the U.S. Department of Agricultural's (USDA's) Inventory of Agricultural Research publications. USDA Intramural series developed from unpublished USDA budget reports. Note: Nominal research