achieved when fruits were washed with 2% thymol at 65 °C for 5 min ( Upadhyay et al., 2014 ), but the quality of fruit after this treatment was not reported. Zhang et al. (2015) showed that applying an alginate coating with 2% cinnamon bark oil to whole
treat typhoid in Iran ( Souri et al., 2008 ). Crushed and compressed seeds when applied on the skin prevent wrinkles ( Pieroni et al., 2004 ). Seeds are narcotic and the seed oil is used in treating rheumatism ( Mallik et al., 2013 ). Plant seed oils are
, oxygen and dissolved substances in food, and postpone their deterioration. Gum arabic is obtained from acacia branches especially Acacia senegal . A combination of gum arabic (10%) and cinnamon essential oil (4%) was effective for controlling papaya and
The goal of this study was to evaluate potential alternatives to endosulfan for control of the blueberry bud mite (Acalitus vaccinii), because the availability of this acaricide may be restricted in the future. Laboratory evaluations of potential acaricides showed that endosulfan and a combination of abamectin plus oil provided 97% and 100% control, respectively. Pyridaben and fenpropathrin were less effective, reducing mite survival by 49% and 57%, respectively. Further laboratory evaluation of the abamectin plus oil treatment showed that each component applied alone provided a high level of control of blueberry bud mite. Field trials in Michigan on a mature highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) planting were conducted to compare control of this pest by postharvest applications of endosulfan, delayed-dormant application of oil, or a combination of both treatments. The oil provided a 40% reduction in mite scores, while endosulfan was more effective (48%) and similar to the combination of endosulfan and oil (52%). A separate field trial using a multifan/nozzle sprayer that applied the pesticide in 233.8 L·ha-1 (25 gal/acre) of water suggested that the level of control from one application of endosulfan was not as effective as two applications. Results are discussed in relation to developing future bud mite control programs in blueberry and the need to address gaps in our understanding of the biology of blueberry bud mite. Endosulfan (Thiodan 50 WP), Endosulfan (Thiodan 3 EC), Abamectin (AgriMek 0.15 EC), Fenpropathrin (Danitol 2.4 EC), Pyridaben (Pyramite 60 WP).
Soil water supply is one of the major abiotic factors that determine the biosynthetic processes in plants ( Letchamo et al., 1995 ). Response of essential oil yield and composition to water stress varies with duration and severity of stress
is a different species ( Mentha × gracilis Sole.; syn. M. cardiaca L.). ‘Native’ spearmint is a major essential oil crop grown in the Midwest and in the northwestern United States ( National Agricultural Statistic Service, 2009 ). However, ‘Native
α-Linolenic acid (ALA) is rich in seed oil of tree peony. As an innovative and emerging woody oilseed crop resource, tree peony is now being more effectively developed and used in China. Paeonia ostii belongs to the perennial deciduous shrub of
and soups ( Gusmini et al., 2004 ; Zhang, 1996 ). The seed of the egusi watermelon is high in oil and is characteristically large in size with a fleshy pericarp but the origin of this phenotype remains uncertain ( Gusmini et al., 2004 ). The egusi
Acer truncatum is a versatile oil-producing woody tree. It is well-known for its colorful leaves and high value as an ornamental, medicinal, and oil plant ( Ma et al., 2005 , 2020 ; Yang et al., 2017 ). In 2011, the seed oil was approved as a New
to explain consumer behavior in each specific case and to identify the most appropriate strategies. Consequently, this study focuses on Spain and on the market for olive oil, given the steadily increasing importance of this product worldwide, its