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irrigated only at night. Irrigation cycled on for 15 s each minute to minimize ponding and allow for slow percolation of water into the soil. This slow irrigation (up to 6 h) preserved the soil structure and air-filled porosity during the trial. Each tree
P 1 and C 1 P 1 , except for water holding capacity. By contrast, acidity, air-filled porosity, and bulk density were the greatest in C 1 P 4 ( Table 1 ). It has been suggested that a substrate with a high coir content can increase the growth of
( Brassica rapa Chinensis group) ( Gurr, 2011 ). The total pore space, water holding capacity, and air-filled porosity were similar for peat and vermicompost used in the study. In early trials, amending peat, coconut coir, and thermophilic compost with
to promote drainage and air-filled porosity ( Drzal et al. 1999 ). Their texture was not only apparent from particle size analysis, but also in water retention. With 41.3% of coir particles passing a 0.5-mm sieve, water retention was very high
properties differed among source 1 substrates [ P ≤ 0.05 ( Table 5 )], but not source 2 substrates. Air-filled porosity was lowest for peat:coir (29.9%) and greatest for peat:wood (37.4%), whereas peat (34.3%) and peat:fiber (34.2%) were intermediate with
). The higher AS could account for an increase in root dry mass in the 20% SPW; other researchers have observed an increase in root growth with higher (around 20% to 25% by volume) air-filled porosity ( Bunt, 1961 ; Strojny and Nowak, 2004 ). Table 1
components ( Handreck and Black, 2002 ). Analyses were conducted using ion chromatography (DX-120; Dionex Canada Ltd., Oakville, Ontario, Canada). Total porosity (TP), container capacity (CC), and air-filled porosity (AFP) of the four growing substrates were