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product development activities, determines the inherent physical characteristics of the turfgrass cultivar and creates value for stakeholders in the supply chain ( Solomon and Stuart, 2003 ). In the past decades, various turfgrass species have been

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. However, to successfully market muscadines to consumers only familiar with V. vinifera table grapes, new muscadine cultivars with textural attributes more akin to V. vinifera table grapes will likely need to be developed. Texture is one of the most

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characteristics, including flower number and size, branch number, plant height, and plant biomass. Ornamental crops grown in greenhouses are exposed to a wide range of DLIs. Assuming a greenhouse light transmission factor of 50%, crops typically receive 7.5 mol

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19th and 20th centuries ( Haworth-Booth, 1984 ; McClintock, 1957 ). Although over 1000 cultivars of H. macrophylla exist, many of them are similar in growth habit, floral characteristics, and disease susceptibility ( Dirr, 2002 ). Recently, the

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pollen genotype on the development and characteristics of the seed and fruit in the period that spans fertilization to seed germination. During this period, xenia causes phenotypic variations in the seed and fruit that reflect the traits of the pollinizer

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desirable ornamental characteristics and environmental tolerances that make them promising species for breeding and improvement ( Coulter, 1886 ; Hasselkus, 1998 ; Touchell et al., 2008 ). All three species demonstrate broad adaptability and have showy

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relative to the other epicuticular waxes may influence the amount of total wax present on plant leaves ( Damon et al., 2014) . Cultivars with these leaf characteristics may be desirable for their reduced thrips numbers and possible reduced IYSV transmission

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characteristics that are often intermediate between the two parents ( Horn, 2002 ). Similarly, autopolyploids may also display improved characteristics such as an increase in flower size and vegetative tissues along with a decrease in internode lengths, although

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Approximately half of the potatoes ( Solanum tuberosum L.) grown in North America are consumed as French fries or potato chips. For the processors who make these products, fry color is a vitally important quality characteristic. The preferred

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Development of the Twice As Nice series of double flowered New Guinea Impatiens will be discussed with emphasis on breeding methods used and problems encountered while developing an entirely new flower type in that species of plant. Patenting procedures for a Utility or 101 patent on the double flower characteristics will also be discussed.

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