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for weed management in turf has shown that most products do not provide selective or cost-effective, long-term weed suppression. Weed removal by mulching, cultivation, flame-burning, and steaming can be used in landscapes, but is cost prohibitive and

-long weed suppression ( Martin-Closas et al., 2008 ; Miles et al., 2012 ; Moreno and Moreno, 2008 ; Ngouajio et al., 2008 ; Waterer, 2010 ). Despite the potential shortcomings in season-long durability, fruit and vegetable crop yield is often similar

, and weed fresh weight at three evaluation times in 2006 at Prosper, ND. The flax straw mulch mat deteriorated very little so it continued to be as effective as the landscape fabric in weed suppression throughout the 2-year study ( Tables 1 and 2

mulch benefits in orchards to weed suppression during the growing season, but this would not explain why trees grew larger in Mulch than in PreHerb plots at our site. The Mulch system provided adequate weed suppression during the first several years of

tissue C:N ratio favorable to rapid decomposition and N mineralization compared with a grass ( Creamer and Baldwin, 2000 ). Grass mulch or residue is more suited to provide physical weed suppression because it decomposes more slowly, but it may also cause

, including weed suppression ( Al-Khatib and Boydston, 1999 ; Borek and Morra, 2005 ; Boydston and Al-Khatib, 2006 ; Brown and Morra, 1995 ; Oleszek, 1987 ; Oleszek et al., 1994 ; Vaughn and Boydston, 1997 ). In a 2-year study, MSM applied at 64.4 g·m −2

negative impacts on soil quality and our results showed that tillage decreased soil respiration, perhaps as a result of mechanical effects on soil structure. Acetic acid (V) applied at a rate of 3060 L·ha −1 showed very good weed suppression in comparison

605 Bond, W. Grundy, A.C. 2001 Non-chemical weed management in organic farming systems Weed Res. 41 383 406 Brennan, E.B. Smith, R.F. 2005 Winter cover crop growth and weed suppression on the central coast of California Weed Technol. 19 1017 1024 Byrne