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with tall, narrow, plastic cones during herbicide applications to prevent spray contact. Treatments established on 15 June 2005 included hairy vetch seed sown at 55 lb/acre, wheat straw spread to a uniform 3-inch depth, flax straw mulch laid with a 2
resistance in the earliest plantings and gradually incorporate those with increased levels of virus resistance as the season progresses. Although cultural methods such as reflective plastic mulches can reduce levels of virus ( Boyhan et al., 2000 ); genetic
-cost Quonset-style greenhouse. Univ. Nebraska Coop. Ext. EC 104 Meyer, G.E. Paparozzi, E.T. Walter-Shea, E.A. Blankenship, E.E. Adams, S.A. 2012 An Investigation of reflective mulches for use over capillary mat systems for winter-time greenhouse strawberry
a waterwheel planter on 29 May 2009 and 14 June 2010. Plants were set into 4 to 5-inch-tall raised beds covered with 1-mil embossed black plastic mulch with a single line of drip irrigation tubing [12-inch emitter spacing, 0.45 gal/min per 100 ft
. (2008) reported significantly increased yields in zucchini squash ( C. pepo var. cylindrica ) resulting from improved nitrogen use efficiency with drip tubing placed 15 cm below the surface of a plastic mulch beds. Placing SDI at depths of 20 cm has
( Florida Automated Weather Network, 2018 ). During the 2015–16 season, air temperature was measured during plant establishment at three locations: on top of the plastic bed, between the plastic–mulch and the soil, and 4 inches deep in the soil. Air
), thermic Typic Udifluvent]. No plastic mulches were used. Weeds were controlled with a broadcast preplant-incorporated application of trifluralin (Treflan; Helena Chemical Co., Collierville, TN) at 560 g·ha −1 supplemented by hoeing and machine cultivation
quantifying susceptibility to cercospora leaf spot and variation in horticultural characteristics. Ten plants were placed in individual transparent plastic bags in centrally controlled misting chambers (New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva
viewed by approaching planes. This required the use of calculus and trigonometry to scale up the paper design and knowledge of ways to create color on a large scale, for example, covering grass with black plastic for 2 weeks to create yellow and use of
the mulch material, and each material has a different reflectivity and absorptivity ( Pramanik et al., 2015 ). Dark-colored mulches will absorb more solar radiation and emit longwave radiation toward both the air and soil. Plastic mulches, regardless