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two annual weeds was substantially suppressed in potting mix containing 10% and 20% DDGS (by weight). After transplanting, pots were placed in a greenhouse maintained at 20 to 29 °C and watered daily as needed. Injury to ornamental plants, plant height

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ornamentals ( Erickson et al., 2020 ; Noda et al., 1994 ). Native plants aid in supporting biodiverse landscapes, alongside serving as refuge and food sources for pollinators and other wildlife ( Burghardt et al., 2008 ; Diekelmann and Schuster, 2002

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home garden ornamental plant in shady, moist areas with several cultivars of all three taxa available commercially, and some of them recognized by patents ( Hawks, 2008 ; Hoffman et al., 2005 ). At the basal part of Green and Gold diaspores, there is

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container-grown woody ornamentals under four irrigation regimes from 8 June to 30 Sept. 2007. z For D. gracilis ‘Duncan’, irrigation did not affect GII, but plants in the 100–75–75 treatment used water more efficiently than plants in the control treatment

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Due to the large area and the complex topography and climate. a great deal of wild ornamental plants are still hidden in the depth of forests and on the highland plateaus--places difficult to approach by man. In the Three N Regions only, there are 51 species of Rhododendron, 27 of Lilium, 83 of Rosa, 30 of Iris, 40 of Clematis, etc., yet to be explored and utilized. Aiming at this, we made extensive introduction of plants in general and intensive introduction of certain families and genera in particular, with good results. At present we have in our living collection 12 species of Clematis, 24 of Rosa, 13 of Lilium, 10 of Iris, 8 of Tulip, 6 of Aquilegia, 10 of Thalictrum, 20 of Gentiana, 80 of ferns, 40 of Begonia, 50 of the Araceae. Seed germination tests, micropropagation, breeding for new varieties and other experiments and researches have been carried out on many of these plant groups.

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Abstract

Because clonal multiplication through conventional methods of asexual propagation is not rapid enough to meet the sharp increase in demand for tropical ornamental plants, the feasibility of the use of tissue culture for rapid clonal propagation has been increasingly investigated. Through this method, it has become possible to asexually propagate rapidly some plants which are difficult or slow to increase through conventional means. Even in cases where plants can be readily propagated by conventional methods, tissue culture may be used advantageously for rapid clonal increase of newly selected cultivars or cultivars available in limited numbers to establish propagation stocks in a much shorter time. The objective of this paper is to summarize our work on the tissue culture of tropical ornamental plants.

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currently grow pollinator-friendly plants. To assist in plant selection, various organizations have published inventories of ornamentals to include in home pollinator gardens ( Pollinator Partnership, 2017 ; Royal Horticultural Society, 2018 ; Xerces

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Abstract

When one searches the literature for information pertaining to the nutrition of woody ornamental plants it soon becomes obvious that there has not been too much published in this field. And most of the experimental work on the nutrition of trees has been concerned with varying combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Also, most of the work that is reported was done in the field, either to trees growing in the landscape or in nurseries and as a result most of the studies report a positive response only to the application of nitrogen and little or no response to the application of phosphorus or potassium. A brief review of some of the literature on fertilizer experiments is contained in the works of Wikle (18) and Himeleck (9). Since this symposium is concerned with potassium in horticulture, I will confine most of my remarks to the place that this mineral element has on the growth and development of woody ornamental plants.

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Water quality is an important factor when considering withdrawal of irrigation water from runoff containment basins (RCBs) in ornamental plant nurseries. A water quality standard defines the water quality goals needed to meet the designated use

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Though genetically modified (GM) ornamental cut flowers are already available commercially, U.S. academics and Green Industry growers have not assessed consumer perception about GM ornamental plants for landscape use. Because we must make inferences from studies of GM foods, we risk misunderstanding and alienating stakeholders and clients. If we misjudge the end-user, we jeopardize the market for future GM ornamental plant introductions. To address this gap, we surveyed Tennessee Master Gardener Volunteers in 2004. Respondents (n = 607) revealed that concern and belief about GM ornamental plants parallel U.S. expectation about GM foods. Average Master Gardener volunteer responses predict that GM ornamental plants would provide only slight benefits to both the environment and human health once used in the landscape. Compared with non-GM plants, GM ornamental plants are expected to be about the same or less invasive in the landscape. While all types of GM ornamental plants were expected to provide slight benefits, plant types were perceived differently with male respondents expecting perennials to yield the most environmental benefits and females indicating grasses and turf. Men and women also differed in their relative acceptance of GM ornamental plants, if genes were added from different types of organisms to achieve a genetic transformation of an ornamental shrub. Our results suggest that academic outreach and Green Industry marketing to promote new GM plant products should emphasize attributes of benefit, rather than GM transformation processes. Regardless, about 73% of TN Master Gardener respondents reported interest in buying GM ornamental plants if sold commercially, but the majority advocated a requirement for GM plant product labeling at point-of-sale.

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