PRSV is the most serious, widespread, and damaging virus affecting papaya ( Carica papaya L.) worldwide ( Gonsalves, 1998 ; Teixeira da Silva et al., 2007 ). The PRSV belongs to the species-rich genus Potyvirus in Potyviridae and has a
Papaya is one of the most important tropical fruit crops with annual production of ≈9.1 million tones and economic value of U.S. ≈$6097 million ( FAOSTAT, 2012 ). Damping-off is a major disease of papaya ( Carica papaya L.) seedling in nurseries
Papaya ( Carica papaya L.) is a major fruit crop in tropical and subtropical regions. In a comparison against 34 commonly consumed fruits, papaya ranks number one in many categories including vitamin A and C, potassium, folate, niacin, thiamine
Although the popularity of convenient, packaged, cut fruit is increasing, there are also concerns over foodborne diseases and spoilage. Fresh-cut and frozen papaya preparations have potential as value-added products of high quality for the papaya
). Carica papaya is a tropical fruit that can be eaten when ripe or unripe. In Taiwan, consumers enjoy eating papaya fruit and consume blended/macerated papaya mixed with milk, which is known as papaya milk. However, there is a downside to this beverage
Leaves normally represent the assimilating area of a plant and determine its photosynthesis and dry matter accumulation. Papaya ( Carica papaya L.), a C 3 plant ( Marler et al., 1994 ), develops new leaves, flowers, and fruit continually, with 2
Leaves of container-grown papaya (Carica papaya L.) plants were inoculated with papaya ringspot virus (PRV) to determine its influence on dark respiration and photosynthesis. Photosynthetic capacity, apparent quantum yield, ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence from dark-adapted leaves, and photosynthetic CO2-use efficiency were reduced by PRV infection. Internal CO2 partial pressure at ambient external CO2 was not affected, but leaf dark respiration was increased by PRV infection. These results suggest that reduced growth, yield, and fruit quality common in PRV-infected papaya plants is caused, at least partially, by reduced photosynthesis and increased respiration.
Papaya is a large perennial plant with a rapid growth rate ( Paull and Duarte, 2011 ). In Malaysia, papaya ranks third in fruit production after durian ( Durio zibethinus ) and banana ( Musa sp.) ( Ali et al., 2010 ). The cultivar Eksotika II is a
Open-pollinated progeny from 20 papaya (Carica papaya) cultivars, 2 Carica pubescens and 1 C. goudotiana were evaluated for vegetative growth and for tolerance to papaya ringspot virus under greenhouse and field condition. The artificial inoculation with the viral strain of severe mottle and necrosis symptom type was followed two months after germination. The survival rate and symptom development were significant difference among genotypes. Plant height was negatively correlated with viral survival rate; r =0.58** at greenhouse, and r =0.56** in the field, respectively. The direct ELISA(the conjugate of purified McAb-14 with alkaline phosphatase) was applied to guarantee successful inoculation and to detect plant responding to viral infection one month after artificial inoculation. Then, selection for resistance to papaya ringspot virus is done on a single plant basis. The progeny of positive index of direct ELISA with no symptom development had often from the parent with higher survival rate.
Flowering plants of `Kapoho' papaya were sprayed with aqueous solutions of kinetin and folcysteine. Plants were treated four times at 3-week intervals with 0-, 50-, 90-, or 130-ppm solutions of either biostimulant or their combinations. Fruit number, size, and weight were recorded weekly during 15 weeks after treatment. Folcysteine treatment at 90 to 130 ppm significantly increased `Kapoho' papaya yield. Kinetin treatment alone did not significantly affect fruit yield at any rate tested. Moreover, none of the kinetin plus folcysteine combinations significantly differed from the control in terms of fruit yield. These findings suggest that folcysteine rates of 90 to 130 ppm can increase fruit yield in this cultivar, and that kinetin had an antagonistic effect on the activity of folcysteine on the yield of `Kapoho' papaya.