The chemical composition of the lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton) cultivars Blomidon, Cumberland, and Fundy were examined at three stages of fruit maturity, before and after refrigerated storage, in a 2-year study. There were differences (P< 0.001) related to maturity and cultivar in berry fresh weight, percentage dry matter, fruit firmness, percentage soluble solids, titratable acidity, and the concentration of sugar, acids, and anthocyanins. Among the nine organic and phenolic acids measured, seven acids varied among the maturity groups and eight varied among the cultivars. Between the 2 years of study there was a 60% difference in total fruit acid content as well as in the relative amounts of each acid. The 2-year mean profile of lowbush blueberry acids was distinctly different from that recently reported for highbush (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) and rabbiteye blueberries (Vaccinium ashei Reade). The level of certain acids as well as the concentration of anthocyanins increased during cold storage. Estimation of sugar concentration by percentage soluble solids overestimated sugar concentration by 3070. Acid measurement by titration underestimated acid content as measured by HPLC by 61%. Results of this study illustrate the variation in the chemical composition of lowbush blueberry fruit among cultivars, maturities, and seasons, and can be used to compare lowbush blueberries with other Vaccinium species.
. sanguinea f. albiflora is a variant of I. sanguinea , which grows in wetlands, wet meadows, or rivers in the Sanjiang wetland in the northeastern part of Heilongjiang (Zhao et al., 2000). We released a new I. sanguinea f. albiflora cultivar named
‘Iniagrape-one’ ( Vitis vinifera L. × Vitis vinifera L.) is a new and distinct midseason-ripening, blue–black table grape cultivar for export markets that stores well for up to three months under the proper conditions. This cultivar presents
. In 2013, a new light violet [Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) 85A] I. sanguinea cultivar Dream of the Butterfly was selected from a cross of I. sanguinea f. albiflora (RHS NN155C) × I. sanguinea (RHS N88A). After 4 years of observation and
; Smittle and Miller, 1988 ). However, a number of new cultivars have been released since these studies were undertaken and little work has been done to optimize the postharvest keeping quality of ‘Elliott’ blueberry fruit, the latest-ripening cultivar grown
( Goldblatt and Manning, 2008 ). There are ≈70,000 known Iris cultivars, and more than 1000 new cultivars are produced by selection and hybridization every year ( Hu and Xiao, 2012 ). Few of those cultivars bloom in early spring (late March to mid-April in
Effects of water stress on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, changes in protein content, leaf water potential (Ψ l ) and growth were studied in drought-sensitive Kyokko (KK) and Ratan (RT), and drought-tolerant TM 0126 (TM) and VF-134-1-2 (VF) cultivars of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in order to obtain fundamental information for breeding drought tolerant cultivars that may be adapted to water stress in many parts of the world. Growth of drought-tolerant TM and VF was greater than that of drought-sensitive KK and RT under water stress conditions. Leaf water potential (Ψ l ) decreased by water stress treatments in all the cultivars, but the reduction was much more rapid and pronounced in KK and RT than VF and TM. Ψ l of stressed cultivars decreased by 30% to 40% compared to the untreated control cultivars. The initial reduction in the range of 20% to 35% was more rapid in KK and RT than TM and VF. SOD activities were increased by water stress in all cultivars. Increase of SOD activities by water stress was much more rapid and pronounced in TM and VF than in KK and RT. Leaf protein concentration was decreased by the water stress treatments in all cultivars evaluated. In KK and RT, much more rapid reductions in protein concentration were observed than in TM and VF. The regression analysis of Ψ l and SOD suggest the possibility to using SOD activities as an additional screening criterion for tomato drought tolerance improvement.
The ‘Jahong’ chestnut ( Castanea crenata Siebold & Zucc) was released from Korean native chestnut trees by the Korea Forest Research Institute (KFRI) to develop cultivars with desirable nut characteristics such as high sweetness, easy peeling, and
Response of cut Cymbidium flowers to emasculation was investigated. All Cymbidium cultivars that we examined produced ethylene during senescence. There were marked cultivar differences in the changes of fresh weight, ethylene production, and lip coloration after emasculation. In the case of `Venus', flower emasculation did not alter fresh weight, ethylene production, or lip coloration. There were differences in ACC oxidase in vivo activity among the three cultivars before and after emasculation. There was a correlation between the initial ACC oxidase activity and time to lip coloration in the emasculated flowers, but not in control flowers. It was suggested that the initial ACC oxidase activity of the column may be related to flower response to emasculation rather than vase life during senescence.
‘Kalos’ is a new pecan ( Carya illinoinensis ) cultivar released by the University of Georgia College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences. ‘Kalos’ produces good yields of large, high-quality pecans. ‘Kalos’ matures in early October in