). No studies have reported the influences of pinewood biochar application on muscadine growth. This study aimed to examine whether pinewood biochar would: 1) improve soil nutrient and water retention; 2) increase nutrient uptake by muscadine grapes; and
recirculating aquaculture systems is the biofiltration of fish waste ammonia through nitrification to maintain fish tank water quality ( Gutierrez-Wing and Malone, 2006 ; Masser et al., 1999 ). This is necessary because 10% of the protein in fish feed becomes
modification of nutrient uptake and water status, as demonstrated by the decreased leaf ψ w and Ca and Mg concentrations in our study. Lipid peroxidation activity in fruit was reduced by increasing K from 6 to 9 m m when 0% NH 4 + was provided; however
lettuce cultivars suitable for hydroponic production that allow growers to achieve yields similar to those observed in field cultivation ( Resh 2022 ). Hydroponic systems allow cultivation of lettuce with better management of water, nutrients, light and
bacterial treatments was performed using a dipping method in which plant roots in celled trays were inoculated with the bacterial suspensions of the concentration of 10 8 colony-forming units/mL in sterile water for ≈30 min before planting. Control plants
Alternative water sources, such as reclaimed water, are being used to irrigate urban landscapes and agricultural crops due to the limited supply of fresh water, especially in arid and semiarid regions of the world. Reclaimed water contains
broadcast applications of ammonium nitrate fertilizer. However, the high water-solubility of this material in combination with Florida's sandy soils and humid conditions can cause poor nutrient use efficiency and leaching of nitrate N (NO 3 -N) below the
phenology, by default, target reproductive structures, which are typically small. Many crop plants have a thick waxy cuticle known to compromise uptake of some foliar-applied nutrients once the leaves mature ( Kallsen, 2007 ). For foliar fertilization to be
, gardening was determined to be a physical activity that can involve energy expenditure ( Park et al., 2008a , 2008b , 2011 , 2012a , 2012b ). Various common gardening tasks, such as digging, raking, planting, mulching, harvesting, and watering, were low
( Paull and Chen, 2000 ; Tahir et al., 2009 ). Success of dipping the fruit in warm water however depends on cultivar and exposure period ( Conway et al., 2004 ; Maxin et al., 2012 ). Post-harvest decay can also be reduced by spraying with ethanol