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decompose in a relatively short time ( Mooney, 2009 ). There are many types of plantable biocontainers and some of them are described here. Composted dairy manure containers (CowPot Co., Brodheadsville, PA) are made of composted, compressed cow manure held
). For Expt. 1, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a Tukey’s test were used to compare the differences in mean ion content among species. For Expt. 2, differences among mean plant tissue ion content, dry weight, total mass of ions accumulated per m 2
, 2011 ; Turgeon, 2012 ). Thatch develops when the accumulation rate of organic matter from the actively growing turfgrass exceeds the rate of decomposition and can lead to problems including increased disease and insect pressure, localized dry spot
treatments and indices were subjected to analysis of variance and significant differences ( P ≤ 0.05) assessed by Duncan’s multiple range test ( Duncan, 1955 ) with IBM SPSS Statistics (version 20.0, IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). In this study, correlation
were measured for percent moisture content. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and correlation analysis, when appropriate, using statistical software (SAS v9.3; SAS Institute, Cary, NC). Data were plotted as means with error bars representing
to determine N content ( Kissell and Sonon, 2008 ). Data analysis. Statistical analyses of data were performed with SAS ( SAS Institute, 1990 ). Analysis of variance was used to compare treatment effects. Means were separated using Duncan's multiple
, solubilize P, stimulate plant growth by synthesizing growth-promoting substances, enhance decomposition of plant residues to release vital nutrients, and increase humic content of soils, providing an environmentally benign approach to nutrient management and
replicates were transformed by arcsine √(%) for analysis of variance. Significant differences by the least significant differences test at the 5% level and treatment averages are sometimes shown with se s. Sarracenia seed germination experiments Expt. 1
., 1993 ). Minirhizotron root study also has serious limitations; it involves primarily fine roots and samples a very small portion of the total root system, which increases sample variance and limits statistical differentiation among treatments
texture and water-holding capacity of the field soils in Langlois, OR, which have a significant amount of coarse sand and minimally decomposed organic matter (Bullards Ferrelo-Hebo complex) ( Natural Resources Conservation Service, 2011 ). We planted vines