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hybrid, and CMS greatly facilitates the production of F 1 hybrid seeds without the need for flower emasculation ( Chase, 2007 ; Hanson and Bentolila, 2004 ). The pepper CMS system was first reported by Peterson in 1958 from an Indian Capsicum annuum

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–10,000 years ago and has resulted in five distinct domesticated species ( C. annuum , Capsicum baccatum , Capsicum chinense , Capsicum frutescens , and Capsicum pubescens ), with the most widely grown species being C . annuum ( Bosland and Votava, 2012

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). However, the accumulation of carotenoids in Capsicum fruit does not always increase with increasing light. Russo and Howard (2002) showed that seven of 10 red-fruited cultivars of C. annuum increased total carotenoid accumulation in fruit when grown

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The oomycete Phytophthora capsici is highly destructive to vegetable species in the Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae families ( Kamoun et al., 2015 ). Worldwide, it is the main pathogen limiting chili pepper ( Capsicum annuum ) production

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Stip is regarded as a physiological disorder of pepper ( Capsicum annuum ) in which symptoms appear as brown, black, and yellow ovoid-shaped chlorotic and/or necrotic pod lesions ≈0.5 to 1.2 cm long and 0.5 cm wide ( Fulton and Uchanski, 2017

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research was to determine which of the evaluated osmolytes could have a fundamental role in the water deficit tolerance of plants of the genus Capsicum ( Capsicum chinense var. Rex and Genesis and Capsicum annuum var. Padron). Materials and Methods

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( Capsicum annuum ) Weed Sci. 32 243 246 10.1017/S0043174500058884 Cavero, J. Zaragoza, C. Gil-Ortega, R. 1996 Tolerance of direct-seeded pepper ( Capsicum annuum ) under plastic mulch to herbicides Weed Technol. 10 900 906 10.1017/S0890037X00040999 Dittmar

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Chile pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) is widely used as a vegetable and spice and a source of colorants and pharmaceuticals ( Wall and Bosland, 1998 ). Consumer demand for chile pepper has substantially increased over the past 30 years, especially for

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deficit to reduce costs and potentially increase income. It can lead to increased net income where water costs are high or where water supplies are limited ( English and Raja, 1996 ). Hot pepper ( Capsicum annuum ) is a crop of major economic importance

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. Table 1. Phenotypic response of four Capsicum annuum New Mexico recombinant inbred lines inoculated with five different Phytophthora capsici isolates. In a greenhouse, two seeds of each NMRIL were sown per cell in plastic trays of 72

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